Although the report is very long, it is beside the point and beyond my comprehension.
3）我谨代表全公司，感谢你所做的所有工作。
On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.
她是美丽与优雅的化身。
B. 名词转用的动词 1） You can see what a Dodo looked like from the picture. 你只能从照片中得知渡渡鸟的模样。 2） These exercises are designed to strengthen the muscles. 这些锻炼的目的是为了增强肌肉。
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3. 词类转译——英译汉的词类转换
B. 含有动作意味的名词
1）What is the purpose of their playing?
它们为何要玩耍？
2） When the termites bite at the stick, the chimpanzee removes it and eats them off the end----like our use of a fork.
a woman well past 40, her graying hair under a
worn hat.
[译1] 她站在那姑娘的身后，几乎紧挨着她。那
是一位有四十好几的妇女，一顶旧帽子的
下面是她正在变灰的头发。 [译2] 她站在那姑娘的身后，几乎紧挨着她。那
是一位有四十好几的妇女，一顶旧帽子遮
The performance is on.
6. 形容词转为名词
那个家伙笨的出奇。
That fellow is a typical fool.
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3. 词类转译——误译
例(1) She was standing almost directly behind the girl,
翻 译 时 未 进 行 词 类 转 译
盖了她的灰发。
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3. 词类转译——误译
例(2) Of Human Bondage, it was; and throughout the
book were notes in a woman's writing.
翻 译 时 未 进 行 词 类 转 译
[译1] 这本书是“人性枷锁”，书中从头到尾都是 一个女人笔迹的评注。 [译2] 这本书叫“人性枷锁”，书中从头到尾都是 一个女人所写的评注。 例(3) Family labor frequently makes up a large part of
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3. 词类转译——汉译英的词类转换
二、汉译英的词类转换
1. 动词转译为名词
3 词 类 转 译
1) 我不知道你喜欢喝什么，茶还是咖啡？ I don’t know your preferences, would you like tea or coffee? 2) 他们坚决要求立刻偿还债款。 They are insisting on immediate repayment of the debt.
3）他一点都不清楚自己想过什么样的生活。
He isn’t at all clear about what he wants to do with his life.
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3. 词类转译——汉译英的词类转换
5. 动词转为副词
1）你们现在得走了。
You must be off now.
2）演出已经开始了。
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3. 词类转译——英译汉的词类转换
4. 介词与动词的互相转译
英语中的一些介词和介词短语具有动作意义，在翻译中可以转换成 汉语动词，例如：
1) Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty. 千百万山区人终于摆脱了贫穷。 2) She’s a sales manager but she has a regional sales director over her. 她是销售部经理，但还有一位区域销售主任管着她。 3) In 1845, John Franklin left England with 134 men to look for a route through the Arctic. 1845年，约翰· 富兰克林带着134人离开英格兰前往寻 找穿过北极的线路。
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3. 词类转译——汉译英的词类转换
2. 名词转译为动词
1) 结婚戒指是夫妇结合的象征。 A wedding ring symbolizes the union of husband and wife. 2) 工厂必须把增加产量作为自己的目标。 The factory must aim at an increase in production. 3) 摇头通常的意思是“不”。 When you shake your head it usually means “no”.
4) 箱子里满是书，重量为一吨。
The box was full of books and weighed a ton.
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3. 词类转译——汉译英的词类转换
3. 动词转译成介词短语
1）一座跨越杭州湾的大桥已开始建筑。 A bridge has been under construction which will span the Hangzhou Bay. 2）这份报告虽然很长，但不切要领，我看不懂。
3. 词类转译——英译汉的词类转换
一、英译汉的词类转换
1. 名词转译为动词
A. 由动词派生的名词
3 词 类 转 译
1） We have ruled out tool use and invention as ways of telling animal behavior from human behavior.
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3. 词类转译——英译汉的词类转换
B. 副词转译成形容词
1) We don’t want to get too deeply involved with these people. 我们不想和这些人有太深的交往。 2) The people most immediately affected by the drought are the farmers themselves. 遭受这次干旱最直接影响的是农民们。 3) Your life changes dramatically when you have a baby. 有了孩子，你的生活会产生巨变。
the labor force, especially on average-sized farms.
[译1] 家人常常占劳动力的大部分，特别是在中 等大小的农场。 [译2] 家人常常是主要的劳动力，特别是在中等 大小的农场里。
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3. 词类转译——翻译练习
三、翻译练习
Directions: Translate the following English sentences into Chinese. Pay special attention to the adjectives and adverbs in the sentences. 1）Drunken drivers pose a serious threat to other road users. (名词——动词)
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3. 词类转译——英译汉的词类转换
3. 形容词与副词的转译
A. 形容词转译成副词
1) She gave me a black look. 她狠狠地瞪了我一眼。 2) The children made rude remarks about the old man. 几个孩子无礼地对那老人评头论足。 3) They don’t normally give an advance notice about which building they’re going to inspect. 他们通常不预先通知要检查哪栋大楼。
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3. 词类转译——汉译英的词类转换
3) 控制人口和发展经济是我们当前的首要任务。
Population control and economic development are the two most important tasks of our present time. 4) 目前大家都非常注意保护环境和节约资源。 People nowadays pay special attention to environmental protection and the conservation of resources.
4）我们全体赞成他的建议。 We were in favour of his suggestion.
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3. 词类转译——汉译英的词类转换
4. 动词转为形容词
1）他害怕蜘蛛。
He’s afraid of spiders.
2）他热爱科学研究，但对提升职称不感兴趣。
He is keen on scientific research but indifferent to promotion.
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3. 词类转译——翻译练习
9）He’s got a lot of exciting ideas and he’s impatient to get started.
他有许多激动人心的点子，所以迫不及待地想付诸实施。
10）After careful consideration of your proposal, I regret to say that we are unable to accept it. 我们仔细考虑过你的建议。不过很遗憾，我得说我们 不能接受。