பைடு நூலகம்
试译:
1)I’m not a mind reader. 2)Parents are always our perfect and minute lovers. 3)Lin Zexu was the most successful opium banner. 4) Being a successful organizer of this
c)形容词→转译成动词
英语中表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状
例: They are not sure they can save his life.
态的形容词(如:afraid , thankful, certain, able, concerned, doubtful , grateful等)， 在系动词后做表语时，常转译成动词。
汤姆看了看园子，跟它告别。
3) 英语中有些加后缀的名词，不是指 其身份和职业，而是含有较强的动 作意味, 通常转译成动词。
例: Some of my classmates are good singers.
我同学中一些人唱歌唱得好。 Cf. She is a well-known singer. 她是一位著名的歌唱家。 I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I suppose my younger brother is a better teacher than I am. 恐怕我不能教你游 泳，我想我弟弟会比我教得好。
football match, he still appears modest.
试译:
1)I’m not a mind reader. 我不能读懂别人的心思。 2)Parents are always our perfect and minute lovers. 父母永远会无微不至地爱着我们。 3)Lin Zexu was the most successful opium banner. 林则徐禁烟最为成功。 4) Being a successful organizer of this football match, he still appears modest. 虽然成功举办了…
他们不敢肯定能否挽救他的生命。 Is he able to do it? 他能够做那件事吗？ I have to be cautious. 我必须小心谨慎才是。 She was always confident. 她总是信心十足。
d) 副词→转译成动词
例: Is he up yet?
他起床了没有？
As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时，忘了穿鞋子。
Please open the window to let fresh air in.
请打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。 When he went back, the radio was still on, for he had forgotten to turn it off when he left. 他回来时，收音机仍然开着，因为他离开 时忘记关了。
establishment of more technical schools.
名词→ 转译成动词
再如: Xu Beihong’s paintings of 原顺序:徐悲鸿的马的画像特别好。 改为:徐悲鸿画马画得特别好。 试译:
Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes.

因此，在翻译实践中，要做到 既忠实于原文又符合译文的语 言规范，就不能机械地按原文 词类“对号入座” 逐字硬译， 而需要进行适当的词类转换。
词 类 转 译 法 (Conversion
of Parts of Speech): 就 是指在翻译过程中，根据译 文语言的习惯进行词类转换， 即把原文中属于某种词类的 词在译文中转换另一种词类， 从而使译文通顺自然。
→转译成名词
3) 形容词转译成名词: 英语中有些形容词加上定冠词表示一 类人，汉译为名词。例： Do not look down upon the poor. 不要看不起穷人。 The weak should be protected. 弱者应受到保护。
Is your father a smoker?
你父亲抽烟吗？ She is a real beauty. 她非常漂亮。 We are enemies of all wars. 我们反对一切战争。 他谋杀了他的老板。
He is the murderer of his boss.
The earth is shaped like a big ball.
4) 作为习语主体的名词 常转译成动词：
例：Shall we have a rest?
我们休息一下，好吗？ Let me have a try. 我来试一下。
He made no mention of his resignation.
他没有提到辞职的事。
英语中含有动作意味的介词汉译时可
b)介词→转译成动词
例: 1）这是一个很清楚的问题。
2）这个问题一定要搞得清清楚楚 3）问题很清楚。 4）他清楚地说明了这个问题。 5）清楚是很重要的。 6）我就喜欢清楚。 1) This is a clear question. 2) The problem is quite clear. 3) The problem must be made clear.
characterized their relationship.
他们之间的关系，有一个特点，那就是 以礼相待。 To them, he personified the absolute power.
在他们看来，他就是绝对权威的化身。
→转译成名词
1)英语中很多名词派生的动词或由名
例：The earth is shaped like a big ball. 地球的形状像个大球。 His speech impressed the audience deeply. 他的演讲给听众的印象很深刻。 Socialist revolution aims at liberating the productive forces. 社会主义革命的目的是为了解放生产力。
名词→ 转译成动词
动词派生的名词转译成动词：
如 :The
mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort.
原顺序：语言的精通不是很容易
的，需要刻苦努力。 改为：语言这东西不是随便可以 学好的，非下苦功不可。
名词→ 转译成动词
词转用的动词，在汉语中往往不易找 到合适的动词，这时可以转译成名词。
→转译成名词
2) 英语被动句式，可译成“受到/遭到--+名词”或“予以/加以---+名词”结构;
例：The invasion of another independent country must be stopped. 侵犯另一个独立国家的行为必须予以制止。 He was criticized by his leader for failing to report the accident. 他由于未对事故进行汇报而受到领导的批评。 He was punished by the school for cheating in the exam. 他因考试作弊而受到学校的处分。
that murder is in the air. 原顺序：对凶杀案的谈论是在流传 之中。 改为：人们到处谈论着…
再如:The thought of fat meat makes me sick.
一想到肥肉我就恶心。
再如:
A view of the village can be obtained from the tower.
从塔上可以看见这个村庄。
The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity.
使用电子计算机可以大大提高劳动生产率。 …Tom looked his good-bye at the garden.
horses are exceptionally good.
胰岛素用于治疗糖尿病。
The government called for the establishment of more technical schools.
政府号召建立更多的技术学校。
名词→ 转译成动词
2)英含有动作意思的名词转译成动词。 如: In building after building, talk of
以译成动词。 例: The Red Army men struggled ahead, across the snow mountains and through the marshes.
红军战士爬雪山，过草地，艰难地前进着。 The people are with him. 人民拥护他。 He came to my home for help. 他来到我家，请求帮助。 What are you after? 你追求什么？
例:
我们讨论了这个问题。 讨论开始了。 首先确定讨论的问题。 这是一次重要的讨论。 She got a fright. The noise frightened me. It was a frightful storm. It was frightfully dangerous.

汉语一个词类能充当的句子成分 较多, 一般无须改变词类;英语一 个词类能充当的句子成分较少,充 当不同成分时常常要改变词类。
翻译理论与实践
英译汉常用的方法和技巧:(1)