Chapter 1 Introduction to RailwayLocomotive 机车freight wagon货车passenger coach 客车multiple units动车组metro car 地铁车辆light rail轻轨railway service cars 铁路服务车Rail铁轨standard gauge标准轨距narrow gauge, broad gauge窄轨,宽轨Trackbed 道床Sleeper,枕木Crosstie 枕木 Ballast, subballast,道砟,底部道砟fastener紧固件Turnout道岔Derailderailment脱轨Crossing 平交道口colliery: 煤矿quarry：采石场flanged steel wheels：有凸缘钢轮copper ore：铜矿speak of：谈到,提及backbone：骨干bulk freight：散装货物mass commutation traffic: 大规模通勤运输short haul: 短途运输Merchandise traffic：货物运输Depreciation：反-appreciation,减值,折旧,贬值Settling：沉降,沉积bulk freight：散装货物Subgrade: 地基,路基Soil stratum: 地层Embankment：堤坝Trim off：修剪Organic topsoil: 有机表层土Civil engineering: 土木工程Earthwork: 土方,土方工程Gravity wall：重力墙Drainage: 排水系统,排水装置Real estate：房地产,不动产Crane：起重机Tamper：捣固机Trolley：台车,手推车,电车Headway：进展,向目标前进Chapter 2 The TrainCoach, carriage,客车Monorail单轨Refrigerator wagon冷藏车High-speed railways高速铁路Maglev磁悬浮Open-topped wagon敞顶车Cog railway嵌齿铁路Rubber-tired underground橡胶轮地铁Siding旁轨,支线Freight train货运列车Passenger train旅客列车Heavy freight重载货运Sleeping car卧铺车Dining car餐车Run-around track调车线Inter-city train城际列车Local train管内列车,慢车Elctric traction电力牵引Stopper慢车Double-decked passenger train双层旅客列车Motor car trailer car动力车拖车Container集装箱车Tanker罐车Driving cab司机室TOFC平板拖车Box wagon棚车Coupler车钩Maintenance of way 道路维护 Long-distance train长途列车Channel Tunnel海峡隧道parcel: package 包裹Travelling post offices：移动邮局Centrifugal force：离心力pram：婴儿车Wheelchair：轮椅Conurbation：有卫星城市的大都市elevated structure ：高架结构Accelerate decelerate: 加速减速Tram, trolley, streetcar:有轨电车Flexibility：机动,灵活Low loder：低架拖车Sneak into：偷偷地摸进Stow away：偷乘,搭白车Fatality：disasterKit：工具包,装备earn one‘s keep：值得雇用, 挣饭吃Show up：揭露,露出Dead end terminal：闭塞终端Buffer stop：止冲器Crossover：转辙轨Locomotive escape：机车折返Phase out：逐步淘汰,逐步停止Intensive service：auxiliary equipment：辅助设备, 备用设备, 附属设备Heavy maintenance：大修Whilst：时时,同时,whilePush-pull：推挽Interval service：Keep at forefront of：保持在……最前沿train loading：列车运载量Train capacity：列车运载能力Density of passengers：乘客密度Load factor：上座率Patronage：保护,光顾,赞助High degree of standardisation:高度标准化Headstock, end sill, pilot：end beamBellmouth：钟形口,喇叭口Line up：整队,排列Semipermanent coupler：半永久车钩Be bolted together：螺栓连接Cushioning：减震,缓冲Uncoupling：解钩,拆开反,couplingBuckeye, Knuckle and Janney coupler: 詹式车钩Coupler knuckle jaw：钩舌Coupler head：钩头Hinge pin:折页销Fully automatic coupler：全自动车钩Disengage：脱离pneumatical：风力的,空气的Keep in good working order：保持正常运转状态Drawgear：牵引装置Bolt：螺栓Pedal：踏板Funicular: 索道Coupler alignment bar：车钩调直杆Pushbutton：按钮Shock absorber：减震器Multicore cable：多芯电缆Chapter 7 Railway Cars1Baggage行列车Coach客车 Combine合造车Dome圆顶车Lounge游乐车Dinner餐车Observation了望车Sleeper, sleeping car, Pullman卧铺车RPO铁路邮政车Housing car封闭车Autorack, auto carrier汽车运输车Boxcar, or van棚车Refrigerator car, reefer冷藏车 Stock car牲畜车Open top car敞车Gondola敞车Hopper漏斗车Ballast car砟车Flat car平车Depressed-center flat car凹底平车Piggyback car背负式车Schnabel car钳夹车Tank car罐车Caboose守车Snow plow除雪犁Dynamometer car动力检测试验车Encompasss: 包围,环绕,构成,包括Listed in alphabetic order: 按字母顺序排列lining:衬里,衬套,内层,lined withContamination：污染,玷污Corrosive action：腐蚀作用Stainless steel：不锈钢Glass enamel：玻璃釉彩,搪瓷Pocket for stake: 柱插口Tie-down point：栓柱Manual brake equipment: 手制动Air brake equipment: 空气制动primary underframe: 主车架,主底架Cumbersome : 笨重的Intermodal shipping: 联合运输Tonnage：吨位log：木材,原木Lumber：木材Slope down：向下斜Scrap metal: 金属屑,废金属Aggregate：粒料,总计,聚集Wood chip：木屑,木片Drop end：落端门Shovel：铲Perishable freight：易腐货物spoiling: 变坏,损毁Insulation：绝缘层,保温层Keep out：Cooling system：冷却系统Cold brine：冷盐水Waterproof：防水的Airtight：密封的,气密的Warehouse：仓库,库房Breakage：破坏,破损Barrel：桶Drum：鼓型圆桶safety valve：安全阀Chapter 8 Railway Cars2For more information seetrain摆式列车Head-end equipment车端设备Branch line支线Air-conditioned hard seat car空调硬座车seating capacity定员Length between truck pivot centers车辆定距tare weight空重Clearance 间隙Wheelbase轴距Gauge轨距 Constructional speed构造速度Wheel diameter车轮直径Stanhope:轻便马车en route：在途中Streamlined：流线型的Ornate:装饰的, 华丽的, 文体绚丽的to date：到此为止Aluminum steel：铝钢,含铝钢evolve into：发展进化成Fluted：有凹槽的Conveyance：运输Row upon row：一排排,一行行carry-on：手提行李,手提的Aisle：走廊Partitioned into:分割,分隔开efficiency apartment：有小厨房和卫生设备的小套公寓房间,公寓小套间Interior：内部Galley：厨房Recede：后退,倒退,变得模糊Fell out of use: 开始不用,渐废Vantage：优势,有利情况Roofline：屋顶轮廓线Dumbwaiter：楼上楼下送饭菜的小升降机,可移动的上菜架或上菜桌Aluminum of high strength alloy：高强度铝合金pane:长方块, 尤指窗格, 窗格玻璃, 边, 面,方框Vestibule:门廊, 前厅Chapter 9 BogieRide comfort乘坐舒适性Irregularity轨道不平顺Wheel tread车轮踏面Suspension悬挂系统Tread gradient踏面锥度Flange轮缘Running performance运行品质Articulated bogies铰接式转向架 Lower center of gravity低重心Swing hanger摇枕吊Bolster bogie摇枕转向架Bolsterless bogie无摇枕转向架Wheelset hunting轮对蛇行Anti-yaw damper抗蛇行减震器Suspension gear悬挂装置JR日本铁路Bogie frame构架Lateral damper横向减震器Traction transfer device牵引装置Brake equipment制动装置 Axle bearing and axle box轴箱轴承及轴箱Axle spring轴箱弹簧Brake disk制动盘Traction motor牵引电机Gear box齿轮箱,减速箱Wheelset轮对Traction force牵引力Air spring, air bag空气弹簧Side beam侧梁Coil spring圆弹簧Cross beam横梁Press welding压力焊Bearing轴承Support rigidity支撑刚度Pedestal swing spring type导框式定位Play,游间,游隙,摆动量Leaf spring板弹簧IS typeIS拉板式定位Bending strength弯曲强度Unsprung massweightNon-sprung mass簧下质量 Axle beam type转臂式定位Cylindrical roller bearing圆柱滚子轴承Ball bearing球轴承Overhaul大修Nose suspension device轴悬,臂式悬挂装置Cardan driving device 万向轴驱动Torque converter变扭器Wheel tread brake踏面制动Disc brake盘型制动Brake shoe闸瓦Frictional heat摩擦热Brake pad制动闸片Motor braking动力制动Quill drive 空心轴驱动Hollow shaft空心轴Gearwheel, driven gear从动齿轮Pinion, driving gear主动齿轮Electric locomotive电力机车Rail head轨头Reprofile镟修Wheel/rail interface轮轨关系Lubricant润滑物Flatted wheel车轮擦伤Bogie transom转向架横梁 Brake cylinder制动缸Parking brake停车制动Heavy duty brake重载制动Frame mounted motor架悬式电机Lifting lug吊耳Gearbox齿轮箱Compressed air压缩空气WSPwheel slide protection车轮防滑装置 Speed sensor速度传感器Pendulum titling bogie摆式转向架Service life使用寿命Design concept设计理念Running speed运行速度Maximum speed最大速度Lateral force横向力Transition curve过渡曲线Circular curve圆曲线Self-steering bogie自导向转向架Running stability 运行平稳性Forced steering bogie迫导向转向架Obscurity:隐蔽,偏僻,含糊Abrasion：磨耗In terms of：according toIn comparison to: 对比Be sensitive to：对……敏感Rotational resistance: 回转阻尼Harmonic:谐波, 和声, 谐函数Isolate … from…:隔离Be commercialized for: 商业化,商品化Welding technology: 焊接技术General structure：一般结构Rolled steel：钢材,轧制钢Seamless steel pipe: 无缝钢管Critical component：关键部件Corrugated wheel: 波形辐板车轮Susceptible to：易受影响的Mass imbalance：动量不平衡Resonance：共振Put into service:投入运营,交付使用Right angle cardan driving device:直角万向轴驱动装置Impede：stopForged steel：锻钢Porcupine:豪猪Rubber bushed links:用橡胶衬里的连杆Gearwheel：大齿轮In relation to: with regard to,关于,涉及,与……比较Degree of coning:锥度Squealing noise：尖啸Flange or rail greasing：轮缘或轨道油脂Slippage: 滑动Weled steel box format：焊接箱型结构Press against: 压向Neutral section:分相区Leading bogie：导向架Chapter 10 Vehicle SuspensionVehicle suspension车辆悬挂系统 Cushion system缓冲系统Laminated steel spring 板弹簧Axle load轴重Carrying load载重Spring hanger弹簧吊Spring lank弹簧托板Swing link吊杆Side frame侧架,侧梁Side bearer bearing旁承 Center bearing下心盘Equalizer bar suspension均衡梁式悬挂系统Commonwealth bogie均衡梁式转向架Levelling valve高度调节阀Solid rubber suspension pack橡胶堆悬挂系统Parlance:idiom,谈话,说法,用法Take the form of leaf steel spring: 采用板弹簧型式Securing strap：保护带,安全带Be left out for simplicity: 为简便起见,不显示去掉……End on:从一端看,从端面看,一端向前地Rivete：铆钉,固定Side view：侧视图Simplified diagram：简图Sideways movement：侧面运动Reversal：逆转Durability：耐久性, 耐用性; 坚固Axle box yoke：轴箱轭Rubber Chevron：V型橡胶Boarding and alighting:上车,落下Intermittent gentle hissing:断断续续的轻微的咝咝声Alight from：走下来,下车Chapter 11 BrakingKinetic energy动能Air brakes or pneumatic brakes空气制动Brake pipe列车管,制动管Compressor空气压缩机Main reservoir主风缸Driver’s brake valve司机阀Equalising reservoir均衡风缸Feed valve给气阀；进给阀Angle cock截断塞门,折角塞门Hose橡胶软管制动软管Auxiliary reservoir辅助风缸Triple valve三通阀Brake cylinder制动缸Brake block闸瓦Relay valve延迟阀Fail safe 失效安全Friction material摩擦材料Composition material复合材料Brake rigging制动装置Rate of application制动倍率Slide valve滑阀Graduating valve递动阀,节制阀Regulating valve调整阀,调节阀Propagation rate制动波速Distributor分配阀Diaphragm,膜片Throttle节流阀slack action列车冲动E-P brake电空制动Dynamic braking动力制动Rheostatic braking电阻制动Regenerative braking再生制动Psi:Pounds per square inch磅/平方英尺Replenished:补充Trigger:打开,激发,引起Distributor：分配阀Sophisticated：复杂的Choke：阻气门Inshot：跃升装置; 跃升time lapse：时滞, 时延Elusive：令人困惑的; 油滑的; 难记忆的Spur：踢马剌, 剌激物, 刺激Essential ingredient：关键因素Thyristor：闸流晶体管; 半导体开关元件; 可控硅; 硅可控整流器Circuitry:电路, 线路Resistor：电阻器Power electronic：电力电子Chapter 12 Depots and WorkshopsSliding door滑动门,塞拉门Routine examination常规检查Consumable易损易耗件Maintenance regime维修体制Existing railway既有铁路Maintenance management 维修管理Interchangeability互换性Operating pattern运行模式Converging聚集,会合Marshalling编组Electrified railway电气化铁路current collection equipment吸流装置Audit审计 Performance indicator绩效指标maintenance standard维修标准Common sense: 常识Revisit：再访, 重游, 重临Draw on:戴上, 吸收, 利用, 引诱, 向...提取, 招来, 临近Rectify：矫正, 调整Progressively adverse effect on:日益增加的反作用Morale：士气,民心Upholstery:室内装潢Clomatic condition:天气条件Of equal importanceChore：家务杂事Contractual：契约的Good access to components：零部件的易接近性Superfluous：多余的, 过剩的, 过量的Watertight：不漏水的, 水密的Thwarted：反对; 阻挠, 挫败, 妨碍Overlook：俯瞰, 耸出, 远眺, 没注意到Refitting：整修, 改装premise:房产; 房屋Planning stage：计划阶段Termini：目的地, 界标,terminus 的复数Converging：集中,收敛,会聚Proximity：接近, 亲近Jack：插孔, 插座, 起重器, 千斤顶, 男人Inspection pit：检查坑Walkway：走道, 人行道Wheel turning facility：车轮加工设备Constructed wash roadDe-icing arrangement：防止结冰, 装以除冰装置, 除冰Fire alarm：火灾报警Chapter 13 Developing Maglev TrainsMagnetic field磁场Maglev磁悬浮Propulsion推进Levitation 悬浮Guidance导向Attractive force吸引力Ferromagnetic 电磁铁的Magnetic repulsion磁力推进Superconducting magnet超导磁体Linear motor线性电机Magnetizing rail磁化轨道Payload weight负载Dynamic load动载荷Electrodynamic suspension, EDS电力悬浮Electromagnetic suspension, EMS电磁悬浮No consensus exists on:Levitate: 使轻轻浮起, 使飘浮空中Cryogenics:低温学Linear synchronous motor: LSM同步直线电机Linear induction motor:LIM直线感应电机Gas turbine：燃气涡轮Turboprop：涡轮螺旋桨发动机Concurrently：同时发生的事件,并发的, 协作的, 一致的Availability crisis：Metropolitan：大城市Turbulence：骚乱, 动荡, 液体或气体的紊乱HSGT,high-speed Ground Transportation ACT:FRA: Federal Railroad Administration 联邦铁路管理局美Chapter 14 Power Supply of Electric TractionPower supply供电 Electric traction system电力牵引系统Overhead wire接触网Power transmission电力传输Third rail第三轨Collector受流器Pantograph受电弓 Return circuit回路Substation配电站Earthing protection接地保护Signalling circuit信号电路Catenary接触网Dropper吊线Electric arc电弧 Mast柱子Booster transformer, BT吸流变流器Return wire回流线Track magnet轨道磁铁Neutral section分相区Communication cable通信线缆Pigtail引线Diaper:尿布In parallel with:与...平行, 与...同时, 与...并联Microprocessor: 微处理器Grip with:掌握,理解Electrolysis: 电解Insulated：绝缘的,insulation, insulatorManhole: 锅炉, 下水道供人出入检修用的人孔, 检修孔At one’s peril:由某人自担风险Take precautions to do:采取防范措施Aggravate:使恶化, 加重Stitching:用U字钉钉箱, 缝纫Sag:松弛, 下陷, 下垂, 物价下跌, 漂流Evacuate:疏散, 撤出, 排泄Visual intrusion:视觉障碍,妨碍Chapter 15 The Light Rail TransitionCBI英国工业联合会Urban transport policy城市交通政策Urban sprawl城市扩张Light rail轻轨Road transport路面交通Steep gradient大坡道sharp curve小半径曲线Criteria标准Congested urban area：拥挤的城市区域House of Commons Transport Committee:上议院交通委员会Congested：拥挤的Pedestrians：步行者Cyclists：骑脚踏车的人Public transport user；公共交通使用者Motorists：乘汽车者AMA：Association of Metropolitan AuthoritiesIntractable：难处理的Down-marketed：价廉质次的, 低档市场的Park and ride：停车换乘Pollutant：污染物质Resurgence：复苏Overambitious：野心太大的Tyne：泰恩河Underutilized：为充分利用的Newcastle：纽卡斯尔。