当前位置:文档之家› 英文合同的分析

英文合同的分析

英文合同的分析

一、序言部分

(一)签约方:

1、税收方面的影响

2、识别对方是那个国家的公司

(二)签约背景

通常由WHEREAS开头:BECAUSE OF A PARTICULAR FACT THAT HAS BEEN CONSIDERED

例如:中国法律规定,中国海洋石油公司具有海洋石油勘探开发专营权

例如:在一个烟花炮竹的购买合同中,甲方销售,乙方购买。因为甲方具有烟花炮竹经营许可证,并且愿意向对其有购买意向的乙方出售这些烟花炮竹。

如果标的物是一个独家代理经营的产品,则whereas 部分要加上whereas A is the sole and exclusive agent for GOODS 类似的表述。

实践中Whereas 条款的规则

1、Whereas 条款模糊不清,主文条款清楚,优先考虑主文条款

2、Whereas条款清楚,主文模糊不清,优先考虑前者

3、两者都很清楚,但有冲突,优先考虑主文条款

4、如果两者都不清楚,解释的时候应当考虑主文条款

Fitness for purpose:

例如:买方购买铺设在地下的油管,如果是用于铺设在北方冻土层下的油管,则必须在合同中明确指出该购买的油管用于铺设在北方冻土层下面,因为铺设在冻土层下面的油管有特殊的工艺要求,如果买房没有明确指出这个目的,即使卖方提供的货物根本不能用于铺设在北方的冻土层下面,也可能被视为完全履约。

为了产生不必要的争议,买方可以在合同主文条款部分直接草拟一条有关本合同目的的条款,并且在卖方义务部分要求卖方提供的货物必须满足本合同目的,

(三)签约时间

一般没有约定生效时间的,除了法律规定要经过审批或登记才生效的,签约时间就是生效时间。

(四)签约地点

涉及到谁纳税的问题

二、主条款

定义

1、形式要相同。对时间的约定要明确:例如英国特有的银行日。

2、对定义的表述,往往要概述加列举。概述部分必须要和前面的列举具有可比性。Eg: all income tax, business tax, corporation tax, profit tax and any other duties ,charges ,fees or taxes arising out of or in connection with this agreement shall be born by sellers.

All duties ,charges ,fees or taxes arising out of or in connection with this agreement ,including

income taxes ,business tax, corporation tax, profit tax, shall be born by the seller.

以上两种表述方式存在差别,对于Inspection fees 承担主体就不清楚该由谁来承担。

3、不属于定义的部分不要放在定义下。

4、关联公司的定义。在知识产权转让协议中,在价格一定的情况下,转让方希望能够接触

到所转让的知识产权的关联公司越少越好,受让方则相反。在股权买卖中,可能涉及优先购买权的问题,如果关联公司范围越广泛,卖方的选择面也越大,更容易获得有利于自己的售价。

5、Indemnity and warranty 区别

如果是Indemnity 作为标题,货物出现瑕疵,买方必须先进行维修,然后向卖方索赔该维修所花费用。

如果是warranty 作为标题,当货物出现瑕疵时,买方可以直接起诉卖方违反该条款。

注:英文合同的一个重要原则是合同解释不吸收外来证据,即合同解释只依据合同本身措辞,而不会根据合同之外的证据来解释。

(二)声明和保证条款

声明和保证条款应当视客户的具体决定而定。

英国法认为,合同的解释应该within four corners of the contract

(三)具体权利义务条款(operative terms and conditions)

(四)term

(五) 终止termination

合同终止分为自然终止和人为终止。

合同自然终止,除了像合营企业协议(joint venture agreement)这样早合同结束后会产生股份转让等义务外,其他合同一般不会继续存在任何实质性的合同义务和权利。

Either party hereto may terminate this agreement immediately at any time upon the occurrence of any of the other party.

The liquidation or receivership of the other party

The making of an assignment for the benefit of creditors of the other party

The inability of the other party to pay its debts as they become due

The other party ceasing or threatening to cease trading .

Either party may terminate this agreement on 30 days prior written notice to the other party.

重大标准(materiality threshold)

在英国法下,即使在合同中规定,只要任何一方稳翻该合同中的任意条款,另一方均有权解除该合同。但是在实践中,通常会有重大标准。

只有存在毁约性违约(repudiatory breach)

有法官认为这条款过于宽泛。因此在合同中通常会加上

“the effect of which is material”(whether or not such breach would otherwise qualify as a repudiatory breach under the common law ) and which is either incapable of remedy ,or if remedy is not remedied within 30 days of service of notice by the party not in breach requiring remedy.

要注意终止合同权利的生效时间。例如破产解除,那破产是一个很漫长的过程,到底是申请破产时解除还是拿到破产令时解除,应当予以明确。

(六)保密(confidentiality)

对于已经为公众掌握的信息不属于保密信息,起算点一般以披露之日起算,不是签订之日。(七)违约

1、预期违约赔偿金(liquidated damages)

是合同双方对违约损失的一种真实估计,是合同方在签约时对某种违约行为可能造成的损失的一中预期,在某种程度上也是对违约一方的责任起到了限制作用。

预期违约赔偿金还有一个作用就是对双方都不太确定的风险问题设置一个安全阀。

中英文对照版合同翻译样本

1.Sales Agreement The agreement, (is) made in Beijing this eighth day of August 1993 by ABC Trading Co., Ltd., a Chinese Corporation having its registered office at Beijing, the People’ Repubic of China (hereinafter called “Seller”) and International Tradi ng Co., Ltd., a New York Corporation having its registered office at New York, N.Y., U.S.A. (hereinafter called “Buyer”). 2.WITNESSETH WHEREAS, Seller is engaged in dealing of (product) and desires to sell (product)to Buyer, and WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase(product) from Sellers, Now, THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows: 3.Export Contract This Contract is entered into this 5th day of August 1993 between ABC and Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell, and XYZ Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and condition. 4.Non-Governmental Trading Agreement No. __This Agreement was made on the_day of_19_, BETWEEN _ (hereinafter referred to as the Seller) as the one Side and _ (hereinafter referred to as the Buyer) as the one other Side. WHEREAS, the Seller has agreed to sell and the buyer has agreed to buy _ (hereinafter referred to as the Goods ) the quantity, specification, and price of which are provided in Schedule A. IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS: 5.Contract For Joint-Operation Enterprise __ COMPANY LTD., a company duly organized under the Law of __ and having its registered office at (hereinafter called “Party A”) AND __ COMPANY LTD., a company duly organized under the Law of __ and having its registere d office at (hereinafter called “Party B”) Party A and Party B (hereinafter referred to as the “Parties”) agree to jointly form a Co-operation Venture Company (hereinafter referred to as the “CVC”) in accordance with “the Laws of the People’s Republic of C hina on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and the “Regulations for the Implementation of the Laws of the People’s Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and other applicable laws and regulations. 6.MODEL CONTRACT Contract No. Date: Seller: Signed at: Address: Cable Address: Buyer: Address: Cable Address: The Seller and the Buyer have agreed to conclude the following transactions according to the terms and conditions stipulated below: http://biz.doczj.com/doc/b617291106.html, of Commodity: 2.Specifications: 3.Quantity: 4.Unit Price: 5.Total Price: U.S.$: 6.Packing: 7.Time of Shipment: days after receipt of L/C. 8.Loading Port & Destination Port: From via to . 9.Insurance:

英语合同的特点和翻译

英语合同的特点与翻译 一.用词特点与翻译要点 合同英语的用词极其考究,具有特定性1.要求选词专业化(professional), 正式(formal). 准确(accurate). 具体体现在下列方面: 1.may, shall, must, may not (或shall not) 的使用 may旨在约定当事人的权利(可以做什么),shall约定当事人的义务(应当做什么时候),must 用于强制性义务(必须做什么),may not(或shall not)用于禁止性义务(不得做什么)。May not do 在美国一些法律文件可以用shall not, 但绝不能用can not do 或must not,但may do 不能。 2.用语正式(formal) 合同英语有着严肃的风格,如“因为”的短语多用“by virtue of”, 远远多于”due to”一般不用“because of”; ”财务年度末“一般用”at the close of the fiscal year”, 而不用” in the end of the fiscal year”; “在……之前”一般用“prior to”, 而不用”before”; “关于“常用”as regards”, “concerning?或”relating to”, 而不会用”about”; “事实上”用”in effect”, 而不用”in fact”: “开始“用”commencement”, 而不用”start”或”begin”; “停止做”用”cease to do”, 而不用”stop to do”; 何时开会并由某某主持“的表述为:The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb. 其中”召开“不用”hold 或call”, 而用”convene”; “主持?不用”chair”或” be in charge of “而用” preside”; “其他事项”用”miscellaneous”, 而不用” other matters/events”; “理解合同“用”construe a contract”或”comprehend a contract”或”comprehend a contract”, 而不用”understand a contract”; “认为”用“deem”, 用”consider”少,不用”think”或”believe”. 3,用词专业(technical) 合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移,它是合同语言准确表达的保障。如合同出现的”瑕疵”,”救济“,“不可抗力”,“管辖”,“毁损”,“失业”等就可能让非行业人士费解,在英语以上表达分别为defect ,remedy,force马绝热,jurisdiction,damage and/or loss。另外几乎每个合同都少不了hereinafter referred to as, whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of, hereby, 用”compensation”; “不动产转让“用”conveyance”, 而不用”transfer of real estate”; “房屋出租”用”tendency”, 而“财产出租”用”lease of property”; “停止”用”wind up a business”或”cease (名词是cessation)a business”, 而不用”end/stop a business”; “依照合同相关规定“或一般说”pursuant to provisions contained herein”或”as provided herein”等,不说?according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract”。 4,同义词,近义词,相关词的并列使用 英文合同出于严谨和杜绝漏洞的考虑,“made and entered into”, “by and between”, “for and in consideration of”, “covenants and agreements”, “on the terms and subject to the conditions”“terms and conditions””release and discharge” 5, 古英语与外来词的应用(borrowing words) 使用古英语最为突出的是较多使用here, there, where 加后缀in, by after, from等介词构成的词。在法律文件中用这些词,可以避免重复,避免歧义,使行文准确,简洁。常用例词如下:hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto, hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter, thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith, whereas, whereby, wherein, whereof, whereon, etc. 合同中也会使用一些外来词汇,常用的有拉丁语和法语词汇。如比例税率:用pro rate tax rate 要比proportional tax rate 多;从事慈善性服务的律师:pro bono lawyer, 不经常用lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance, 委托代理人多用agent ad litem 二,句法特点与翻译要点

英文版合同范本

合同编号:YT-FS-8920-88 英文版合同范本 Clarify Each Clause Under The Cooperation Framework, And Formulate It According To The Agreement Reached By The Parties Through Consensus, Which Is Legally Binding On The Parties. 互惠互利共同繁荣 Mutual Benefit And Common Prosperity

英文版合同范本 备注:该合同书文本主要阐明合作框架下每个条款,并根据当事人一致协商达成协议,同时也明确各方的权利和义务,对当事人具有法律约束力而制定。文档可根据实际情况进行修改和使用。 contract no: date: the buyer: the seller: the contract, made out, in chinese and english, both version being equally authentic, by and between the seller and the buyer whereby the seller agrees to sell and the buyer agrees to buy the undermentioned goods subject to terms and conditions set forth hereinafter as follows: 1 name of commodity and specification 2 country of origin & manufacturer 3 unit price (packing charges included)

中英文对照版合同翻译样本

1.Sales Agreement The agreement, (is) made in Beijing this eighth day of August 1993 by ABC Trading Co., Ltd., a Chinese Corporation having its registered office at Beijing, the People’ Repubic of China (hereinafter called “Seller”) and International Trading Co., Ltd., a New York Corporation having its registered office at New York, N.Y., U.S.A. (hereinafter called “Buyer”). 2.WITNESSETH WHEREAS, Seller is engaged in dealing of (product) and desires to sell (product)to Buyer, and WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase(product) from Sellers, Now, THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows: 3.Export Contract th This Contract is entered into this 5 day of August 1993 between ABC and Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell, and XYZ Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and condition. 4.Non-Governmental Trading Agreement No. __ This Agreement was made on the_day of_ 19_, BETWEEN _(hereinafter referred to as the Seller) as the one Side and _ (hereinafter referred to as the Buyer) as the one other Side. WHEREAS, the

英文合同的特点

第一节英文合同的特点 英美律师起草的合同无不深深地刻着英美法系私法原理的烙印,即高度私法自治和遵循先例。所表现出来的突出特点就是大多数英文合同篇幅长、惯用冗长句子和法言法语,但逻辑严密并且规律性很强。 一个大项目的英文合同往往都是鸿篇巨制,篇幅达几百页。英美国家实行判例法,大陆法系实行成文法,成文法相对于判例法的重要区别就是比较稳定,而且合同很多内容法律都有直接规定,双方对于法律已经有规定的部分就无须在合同中作进一步的约定。但英美国家推行判例法,推行高度私法自治,成文法大多仅作为参考,不具有强制适用的性质,因此,合同方在订立合同的过程中享有高度订约自由,合同各方可以就任何问题按照自己的意愿作出自己认为合适的约定。订约自由是一项至高的原则,合同条文、文字所直接反映出来的当事人的意愿,法官不得轻易否决,必须予以最大限度的尊重。由于合同文字是法官解释合同文件、探悉合同当事人意愿的唯一依据,故合同各方都力求使合同结构完整、语义严密明确。为使语义严密明确,他们在合同中进行大量的定义,大量使用限定词、定语从句、状语从句,避免使用省略句,也尽量不使用有可能引起指代不明的代词。因此,对于同一个项目合同,按照英美法草拟的合同篇幅常常比按照大陆法草拟的合同篇幅长很多。 英文合同的另一个重要特点就是其句子冗长。首先,一个长句的逻辑性往往比由几个简单句组成的一个段落的逻辑性更强,说理更为严密,从而最大限度地减小产生歧义的可能性。因此,英美律师在草

拟合同的过程中比较青睐长句,而较少使用简单句。其次,如前所述,英美国家实行判例法。先例相较于大陆法系的成文法,其稳定性程度有所不如。由于各个法官的智识水平有别,先例本身之间就可能存在某些冲突,因此,合同当事人通常会在合同中想尽办法对这些已经有争议的先例进行规避,这就必须在合同中就某些可能产生争议的事项进行明确的表述,如常把一连串意义相关或相近的词放在一起以求全面而无疏漏。因而整个合同的句子显得冗长,但也因此获得整个合同的严谨,不易产生争议。 “法言法语”在英文合同中也体现得比较充分。这些所谓的“法言法语”主要指一些中古英语和外来词汇,比如我们常见的 herein,hereof,whereby,inter alia等。这与英国语言发展历史以及英美推行判例法密切相关。西方文明在很大程度上可以说是法律的发展。希腊和罗马的法律精神通过日耳曼入侵,给英国造成的影响是不可估量的。英国在历史上曾经把语言作为阶级划分和阶级统治的重要手段。法语被视为西欧上层社会的语言,而拉丁文则常常是个人深造的首要选择。再加上法律界人士为了使法律这门职业具有独立性,突出本行业的优越性,也多采用一些特殊的语言,法律界人士普遍认为这些中古英语和外来词的使用可以使法律语言更加高贵、庄重。因此,法律英语词汇在词源上大量收录采用了拉丁语、法语、德语和西班牙语中的法律词汇,如null and void(无效)、ad hoc(特别,临时)、lex situs(物所在地法)、vice versa(反之亦然)、 prima facie (表面的,初步的)和inter alia(除了别的之外,其中包括)。为

英文合同范本及翻译.doc

英文合同范本及翻译 Purchase Contract 合同编号(Contract No.): _______________ 签订日期(Date) :___________ 签订地点(Signed at) :___________ 买:__________________________ The Buyer:________________________ 地址: __________________________ Address: _________________________ 电话(Tel):___________ 传真(Fax):__________ 电子邮箱(-mail):______________________ 卖:___________________________ The Seller:_________________________ 地址:___________________________ Address: __________________________ 电话(Tel):_________ 传真(Fax):___________ 电子邮箱(-mail):______________________ 买卖双同意按照下列条款签订本合同: The Seller and the Buyer agree to conclude this Contract subject to the terms and conditions stated below: . 货物名称、规格和质量(Name, Specifications and Quality of

中英文合同(标准版)范本

Both parties jointly acknowledge and abide by their responsibilities and obligations and reach an agreed result. 甲方:___________________ 乙方:___________________ 时间:___________________ 中英文合同

编号:FS-DY-20628 中英文合同 建筑合同architecture confirmation 甲方:party a:乙方:party b: 合同编号:contract no 日期:date: 签约地点:signed at: 特约定: 甲方基于下文所列各种因素,特与乙方达成了协议并一致同意:由甲方在订约日期之翌日起_____天之内为乙方建造并完成_____(涉约建筑)。涉约建筑之规模及所需的钢筋、水泥、砖块、石子和其它建筑材料之数量,均在作为合同附件的设计图和施工细则中予以说明。 witnesses that the party a for considerations hereinafter named, contracts and agrees with the party b that party a will, within_____ days, next following the date hereof, build and

finish a libarary building for party b. (the building hereinafter is referred to as the said building.)the said building is of the following dimensions, with reinforced concrete, brick, stones and other materials, as are described in plans and specifications gereto annexed. 基于上述情况,乙方及其法定代表郑重承诺向甲方支付人民币_____元整。支付方法商定如下: in consideration of the foregoing, party b shall, for itself and its legal representatives, promise to pay party a the sum of one million rmb yuan in manner as follows, to wit: 在上述工程开工之日,支付人民币_____元整 在_____年_____月_____日,支付人民币_____元整 在_____年_____月_____日,支付人民币_____元整 在_____年_____月_____日,支付人民币_____元整 在_____年_____月_____日,支付人民币_____元整 余额人民币_____元整于工程完成之日付清。 rmb_____at the beginning of the said work. rmb_____on _____/ _____/_____(for example:3/21/XX)

翻译合同样本(完整版)

翻译服务协议书 甲方:__________________________________________________ 乙方:__________________________________________________ 依据《中华人民共和国合同法》规定,本着诚实信用、平等互利的原则,甲乙双方就甲方资料翻译服务一事,达成协议如下: 第一条:翻译内容 乙方将甲方提供的文件中的英文翻译为中文;具体文件以甲方给乙方的纸质文件或者电子版文件为准。 乙方应保证翻译人员的专业性和翻译稿件的准确性,认真做好翻译校对工作; 乙方按照甲方的文件格式进行排版,最终翻译稿以电子文件的方式提供给甲方。 乙方应保证其翻译稿件质量:忠实原文、译文准确。 第二条:翻译期限及费用 计价方式:按照翻译完成的中文(字符数不计空格)进行计价。 本次翻译单价为,翻译费总金额为:元整。 翻译文件的交稿期限为:年月日。 甲方在签订合同当日支付翻译预付款元。 交稿时付清其余所有款项即元。甲方向乙方开具正式发票。 第三条:责任条款 如因甲方原因推迟提供给乙方翻译稿件或翻译的相关资料时间,受到的损失甲方承担。 甲方如对乙方译稿有异议,甲方有权在取稿之日起30日内,向乙方提出书面修改意见,乙方

应按甲方要求在规定的时间内免费进行修改,直至甲方满意为止。 如乙方在翻译质量和完成工期方面不符合合同要求,甲方有权中止合同并视为乙方违约,乙方应退还甲方预付款,另外赔偿甲方预付款的作为违约金。 在乙方无违约的状况下,甲方应按约定及时付款,否则乙方有权要求甲方支付延迟付款天数乘以翻译费用总额作为赔偿;翻译进行过程中,如甲方提出中止翻译,预付金不予退回并按照已翻译文件比例支付相应翻译费。 第四条:其他条款 乙方应考虑甲方翻译内容的保密性。另签署的保密协议作为本协议的一部分,具有法律效力。 本协议未尽之事,双方协商解决; 本协议一式二份,传真件有效,甲乙双方各执一份,自双方盖章之日起一年内有效。 甲方(盖章):乙方(盖章): 负责人(签字):负责人(签字): 联系电话:传真:联系电话: 地址:地址: 签字日期:年月日签字日期:年月日

合作协议(中英文翻译)

编号:_______________本资料为word版本,可以直接编辑和打印,感谢您的下载 合作协议(中英文翻译) 甲方:___________________ 乙方:___________________ 日期:___________________ 说明:本合同资料适用于约定双方经过谈判、协商而共同承认、共同遵守的责任与 义务,同时阐述确定的时间内达成约定的承诺结果。文档可直接下载或修改,使用 时请详细阅读内容。

Technical Cooperation Agreement 甲方:XX油脂化学有限公司 Party A: XX Grease Chemical Co. , Ltd. 地址:XX高新技术工业园 Address: XXHigh-tech Industrial Park 法定代表人:XXX Legal Representative: XXX 乙方: Party B: 地址: Address: 本协议合作双方就组建技术研发团队事项,经过平等协商,在真实、充分地 表达各自意愿互惠互利的基础上,根据《中华人民共和国合同法》的规定,达成如下协议,并由合作各方共同恪守。 This Agreement, concerning the setting up of a technical research and development team, is made according to the Contract Law of PRC regulations and entered into through equal negotiation by both Parties as the free and full expression of their own wishes to mutual benefits, and to this end both Parties shall abide by this Agreement as following. 第一条、甲方同意雇用乙方为新产品研发技术顾问。乙方同意为甲方提供技术顾问服务。 Article 1: Party A hereby agrees to employ party B as the technical consultant for the new product research and development. Party B hereby agrees to offer technical consultation service to Part A. 第二条、甲方同意每月支付乙方的研究费用,包括:薪资、办公费、检测费、差旅费以及其他相关费用。 Article 2: Party A hereby agrees to pay Party B for the research each month, including salaries, administrative expenses,detection cost, traveling expenses and other cost associated. 第三条、乙方有责任为甲方提供相关国内外技术及市场信息,并及时答复甲方技术上所遇到的问题。 Article 3 : Party B is responsible to provide relevant technical and market information home and abroad and is ready to answer any technical problem frequently asked by Party A. 第四条、乙方有义务向甲方提供有关个人简历和相关证明材料,甲方要尊重乙方个人隐私,有义务妥善保管相关材料。 Article 4: Party B shall has the obligation to provide Party A with any relevant personal resume and reference documents as necessary.Party A shall respect the personal privacy of Party B and has the obligation to properly keep those materials. 第五条、乙方同意所研发的产品所有知识产权归甲方所有,乙方不得将相关技术信息泄露给任何第三方,否则需要承担一切法律后果。

国际买卖合同范本(中英文对照版)

国际买卖合同范本(中英文对照版) 买方The Buyer: 地址Address Tel:Fax: 卖方The Seller: 地址:Address Tel:Fax: 本合同由买卖双方订立,根据本合同规定的条款,买方同意购买,卖方同意出售下述商品:This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and Sellers, whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below: (1)货名及规格Commodity & Specification (2)数量Qty. (3)单价Unit Price (4)总价Total Amount (5)原产公司:COUNTRY OF ORIGIN : (6)装运期限:TIME OF SHIPMENT: (7)装运口岸:PORT OF SHIPMENT: (8)到货目的地:DESTINATION: (9)保险:INSURANCE: 由卖方按合同金额110%投保一切险和战争险 All Risks and War Risk for 110% contract value to be covered by the Seller. (10)运输方式:TERM OF SHIPMENT:空运By air (11)包装:PACKING: 须用坚固的新木箱包装,适合长途空运/陆运,防湿、防潮、防震、防锈、耐粗暴搬运。由于包装不良所发生的损失,由于采用不充分或不妥善的防护措施而造成的任何锈损、破损,卖方应负担由此而产生的一切费用和损失。包装箱内应包含一整套服务操作手册。卖方使用的木质包装应经薰蒸处理,并在木质包装表面标上清晰的IPPC标识。 To be packed in new strong wooden case(s) suitable for long distance air/land transportation and well protected from dampness, moisture, shock, rust and rough handling. The Sellers shall be liable for any damage to the goods on account of improper packing and for any rust damage and break damage attributable to inadequate or improper protective measures taken by the Sellers, and in such case or cases any and all losses and / or expenses incurred in consequence thereof shall be borne by the Sellers. One full set of service and operation manuals concerned shall be enclosed in the case(s). The wood packaging the Seller used shall be fumigated and marked with “IPPC”on the surface of wood packaging. (12)唛头:SHIPPING MARK: 卖方应在每件包装上,用不褪色油墨清楚地标刷件号、尺码、毛重、净重、“此端向上”、“小心轻放”、“切勿受潮”等字样,并刷有下列唛头:

TRANSLATION AGREEMENT(翻译合同英文版)

编号: TRANSLATION AGREEMENT(翻译合同英 文版) 甲方: 乙方: 签订日期:年月日

合同签订注意事项 一、甲乙双方应保证向对方提供的与履行合同有关的各项信息真实、有效。 二、甲乙双方签订本合同书时,凡需要双方协商约定的内容,经双 方协商一致后填写在相应的空格内。 三、签订本合同书时,甲方应加盖公章;法定代表人或主要负责人应本人签字或盖章;乙方应加盖公章;法定代表人或主要负责人应本人 签字或盖章。 四、甲乙双方约定的其他内容,合同的变更等内容在本合同内填写不下时,可另附纸。 五、本合同应使钢笔或签字笔填写,字迹清楚,文字简练、准确,不得涂改。 关键词:英文版;合同;TRANSLATION;AGREEMENT

Party A:_________ Address:_________ Party B:_________ Address:_________ Both parties of Party A and Party B have signed the Translation Service Contract based on the principle of friendly cooperation and mutual development. The artic les are as follows: 1.Party A entrusts Party B with the translation ser vice. Party A shall provide legible documents in time a nd give clear requirements and control the translation quality of Party B. 2.Party B shall complete the translation work in ti me and deliver the translation by printed hard copy and a relevant disk within the agreed date (with the exce ption of the delay caused by Force Majeure). Details a bout the delivery time will be discussed between the tw o parties. For the urgent request, the delivery time w ill be discussed accordingly between the two parties. 3.Party B shall keep confidentiality of any documen ts provided by Party A and can not disclose to the thir

英语合同的语言特征及翻译

最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文,都是近期写作 1 从用餐礼仪看中美核心价值观差异 2 广告英语中的隐喻研究 3 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 4 商务谈判策略研究 5 商标的特征及其翻译的分析 6 超验主义和美国个人主义 7 论《德伯家苔丝》中安吉尔行为的合理性 8 A Study on Theme Slogan Translation —from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory 9 文档所公布均英语专业全英原创毕业论文。原创Q 175 567 12 48 10 谐音现象促成因素及其启示的研究 11 政府工作报告英译中的归化与异化 12 The Differences of Beauty Standards Between China and America 13 从后殖民女性主义视角分析《他们眼望上苍》 14 交际法在中学英语词汇教学的应用 15 英汉颜色词隐喻的认知比较与研究 16 浅析《献给艾米莉的玫瑰》中渐渐消失的玫瑰 17 On Translation of Culture-Loaded Words in Subtitle of Ashes of Time Redux 18 浅谈《到灯塔去》的女性意识 19 从女性主义视角解读《飘》中斯嘉丽? 奥哈拉的性格特征 20 《善良的乡下人》的喜剧性分析 21 从中美非语言差异看国际商务谈判的影响及其对策 22 从《雾都孤儿》看查尔斯? 狄更斯的善恶观 23 《白鲸》的象征意义和悲剧内涵分析 24 英文商标的汉译 25 国际商务谈判中模糊语言应用的语用分析 26 《永别了,武器》中的自然象征意义 27 试析跨文化交流中文化休克现象及对策 28 The Application of TBLT Approach in Reading Instruction 29 追求女性自我意识的孤独灵魂——评《觉醒》中的爱德娜 30 On the Importance of China English as an English Variant 31 从中英文动物隐喻看中国与英语国家的文化差异 32 《红楼梦》两个英译本(杨译本和霍译本)诗词翻译对比赏析 33 《了不起的盖茨比》中的象征艺术 34 《第二十二条军规》中尤索林形象的成因分析 35 空间介词在英汉时间表达中的隐喻性用法对比研究 36 论科技英语翻译中科学性与艺术性的和谐统一 37 浅析《弗兰肯斯坦》中怪物“善”与“恶”的转变 38 公益广告的词汇特点: 以美国红十字会广告语为例 39 威廉布莱克的《经验之歌》中主题的多面性 40 从功能对等角度翻译委婉语

常见英文合同翻译与详解

常见英文合同翻译与详解

引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。 合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。 语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1: The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and co mpletion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other s um as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manne r prescribed by the Contract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此 (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中 (5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which (7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照 (8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款 例2: We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correc t and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provi de documentary proof upon your request. 注释: (1)hereby:特此 (2)to the best of our knowledge:as far as we know据我们所知 (3)foregoing statement:above-mentioned statement上述声明 (4)herein:in this, in the statement在声明中 (5)documentary proof:证明文件 参考译文: 特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,

相关主题