略论国际商务合同的翻译
Brief Discussion of the Translation of International Business Contracts
外国语学院09级英语2班:蒋文利20093363
摘要:在国际经济贸易活动中,商务合同是一种重要的法律文件依据,商贸英语已成为必不可少的语言交际工具,它也是英文经济贸易合同的基点。越来越多的英语和法律的爱好者也希望能尽快熟悉合同英语,从而准确理解,翻译、制作英语合同。这种需求随着中国加入WTO(世界贸易组织)而剧增,用英语解决商务合同问题的愿望也会随之越来越迫切。国际商务合同的种类繁多,涉及面广,内容复杂。这类合同都是涉外交易性质,需要英汉两种版本,因此大多需要翻译。商务合同有其自身的特点,即条理性、规范性和专业性。商务合同对翻译的质量提出很高的要求,也增加了其难度。本文用大量的例句,对商务合同英语的准确性、严谨性、规范性及翻译技巧与内容的完善还有翻译中常见错误、成因及其对策等作了全面分析和论述,并分析其翻译方面所应注意的问题。
Abstract: In the activities of international business trade, business contract has become an important legal document. Nowadays, business English has become not only a necessary tool for communication, but also the base of English business contracts.More and more English-learners and law-majors hope they can know something about English business contracts so as to understand them correctly, translate them exactly and make them perfectly. China‟s entering the WTO enhances their desire to use English to solve the problems of business contracts.There are many different kinds of international business contracts, whose contents are diversified and complicated. In international trade, translation is compulsory since contracts usually need two versions: English and Chinese. The international business contract has its own characters, such as proper arrangement, standardization and specialty. All these make the translation of them very difficult and thus demand good skills to ensure a high quality. This article analyzes the preciseness, strictness and standardization of business contracts and explores the skills of translating them by citing many examples. It also points out some common translation errors, the reasons and the methods to correct the errors. Finally some advice is given to call readers attention to the problems in translation.
关键词:国际商务合同;翻译;原则
Key words:International business contract; Translation; Principle
一、引言:在世界经济阔步迈向21世纪的今天,国际经济贸易活动日益频繁自中国加入WTO,,用英语解决商务合同问题的愿望也会随之越来越迫切。合同,也叫契约。“契”,即意思相投或相合,“约”是用语言或文字互定共守的条件。合同的意思是愿意订立共同遵守的条件、合作共事。“商务合同(business contract)是自然人或法人之间为实现一定的商务目的,按一定的合法手续达成的规定相互权利和义务的契约,它对签约各方都具有法律约束力。”正因为合同具有法律效用,合同双方都必须严格按照合同的约定,全面履行自己的义务,这就需要合同的文字斟词.多种贸易方酌句,力求准确无误。译应遵循忠实、准确、统一的原则,即表达要忠实原文,用词要准确,整个译文要融为一体。因此,商务合同的翻译原则应遵守把忠实原义放在首位;译文应符合目标语体裁和格式;选词应准确无误,以免误解,产生歧义;注意专业术语和公文语言的惯用法;还有在翻译方法上,主要采取直译加调整的方法本文拟从文体角度提出:合同英汉翻译时,应做到译文准确、严谨和规范。
二商务合同的翻译
(一)翻译的原则和要点
商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体,重在记实,用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。由于商务合同又是具备法律效应的文件,它要严格规定合同双方的义务、权力、行为准则等明确条款,所以“丝毫不能允许语义的模棱两可而使人误解,被人钻了法律的空子,它宁可牺牲文字流畅也要保持文意斩钉截铁的确凿性”。“首先要注意公文的格式,原则上原文的体例应当保留,因为这些格式是一种语体(语域)标识,自有其形式意义。此外,要正确把握词义,尤其要认清一些common words 在公文中的特定含义。在措辞上,还要注意词语的正式程度及专业术语和公文习用语的使用。”而刘法公也强调:商贸翻译应遵循忠实、准确、统一的原则,即表达要忠实原文,用词要准确,整个译文要融为一体。因此,商务合同