高一英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解United States health officials are urging people to stop using electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes. The call to action came after such products were linked to health problems. Five deaths have also been reported. E-cigarettes are a popular substitute for smoking products. The electronic devices heat liquid that includes flavoring, nicotine and other chemicals into vapor—very small particles that users breathe in. Nicotine is found in many plants, including tobacco. E-cigarettes or similar devices also can provide THC or other substances to users. THC is the natural chemical present in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a "high". E-cigarettes are said to be safer than normal cigarettes because they do not create the cancer-causing byproducts of burning tobacco. Yet health officials say e-cigarette users have reported shortness of breath and other breathing problems, such as coughing and chest pain. Some have been sick to the stomach, felt very tired, suffered weight loss or developed high body temperatures. One report noted that most of the 53 illnesses reported in Illinois and Wisconsin were related to THC vaping(气化) products. But nearly 20 percent of the patients inhaled(吸入)substances like nicotine from e-cigarettes. Most of the reported cases were of young men.The report found that, "Since no single product or substance has been associated with the illness, persons should consider not using e-cigarettes while this investigation is ongoing." Last November, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, reported that "e-cigarette use increased considerably among U.S. middle and high school students during 2017—2018." Among high school students, it found e-cigarette use rose from 220,000 students in 2011 to 3.05 million in 2018.On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Labs, maker of the best-selling e-cigarettes. The FDA accused the company of illegally marketing its products as being "safer than cigarettes" without the agency's approval. In a statement, the FDA's acting commissioner said that, "JUUL has ignored the law, and has made some of these statements in school to our nation's youth." A JUUL spokesman said the company is studying the FDA's comments and "will fully cooperate".（1）Which of the following can best describe e-cigarettes?A.Deadly.B.Harmless.C.Infectious.D.Effective.（2）What change will be caused when smokers inhale e-cigarettes containing THC?A.They will be healthier.B.They will lose weight.C.They will feel excited.D.They will be peaceful.（3）What information about JUUL Labs can we get from the last paragraph?A.Students became its main marketing targets.B.FDA didn't agree on its way of promoting its products.C.It completely denied what it was accused of.D.E-cigarettes were invented by it.（4）What can be the best title of the passage?A.Say "No" to cigarettesB.A sharp rise of e-cigarettes use among young people.C.Safer e-cigarettes are needed for health.D.E-cigarettes—a potential killer.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关。
并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“United States health officials are urging people to stop using electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes. The call to action came after such products were linked to health problems. Five deaths have also been reported.” 美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟。
在这些产品被发现与健康问题有关后，呼吁采取行动。
另外报道有五人死亡。
由此可推断，电子烟不但影响人们健康，而且有可能是致命的，故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“E-cigarettes or similar devices also can provide THC or other substances to users. THC is the natural chemical present in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a ‘high’. ”电子烟或类似的设备也可以向使用者提供THC 或其他物质。
THC是存在于大麻植物中的自然化学物质，给予使用者一种“high”的心理状态。
这里的“high”指的是喝醉或者吸毒后的那种兴奋的状态，因此使用者吸入了含有THC 的电子烟会感到兴奋，故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Labs, maker of the best-selling e-cigarettes. The FDA accused the company of illegally marketing it s products as being ‘safer than cigarettes’ without the agency's approval. ”周一，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)向畅销电子烟的制造商JUUL Labs发出了警告。
FDA指控该公司未经FDA批准，非法销售其产品，称其“比香烟更安全”。
由此可知FDA不同意其销售此产品，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。
本文主要讲述美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。
中心思想强调的就是电子烟危害人们的健康。
D选项E-cigarettes—a potential killer“电子烟—一个潜在的杀手”，符合本文中心思想，故选D。