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阴阳合同英文

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阴阳合同英文

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篇一:阴阳合同是什么意思

阴阳合同是什么意思

一、什么是阴阳合同、什么是购房阴阳合同

1.我国立法中并无阴阳合同这一术语,它只是对一种社会现象的概括,其实质是一种交易行为。

2.阴阳合同通常出现在二手房买卖过程中,买卖双方就同一签订的数份不同价格的合同。

3.送至房产交易中心登记的叫阳合同,只供登记用,双方私下留存的叫阴合同,作为交易的真实成交价格。

4.在二手房买卖交易过程中,双方首先要确定的就是价

格,价格确定好之后就不会再有变动,即使签订了补充合同,

也多是对付款方式和交房时间的变更,一般不会涉及对房价

的变更。

5.阴阳合同是指合同当事人就同一事项订立两份以上的内容不相同的合同,一份对内,一份对外。

6.对外的合同并不是双方真实意思表示,而是以逃避国家税收等为目的。

7.对内的合同则是双方真实意思表示,可以是书面或口头。

8.阴阳合同是一种为违规行为,在给当事人带来利益的

同时,也存在法律风险。

二、什么叫阴阳合同、阴阳合同是什么意思

1.阴阳合同乂称黑白合同,并非法律术语,其概念主要明确于《招标投标法》颁行之后。

2.阳合同为建设单位、施工单位按照《招标投标法》的规定,依据招投标文件签订的在建设工程管理部门备案的建设工程施工合同。

3.主要特点为:经过合法的招投标程序,该合同在建设工程管理部门备案,形式合法。

4.阴合同是双方为规避政府管理,私下签订的建设工程施工合同,未经过合法的招投标程序且该合同未在建设工程行政管理部门备案。

5.阳合同只用来登记,真实的成交价是阴合同,两份合同的价格不同,两份合同的签订时间可能是同一天,也可能相隔数天,但大致时间一致。

6.对外的合同并不是双方真实意思表示,而是以逃避国家税收等为目的。

7.对内的合同则是双方真实意思表示,可以是书面或口头。

8.阴阳合同是一种为违规行为,在给当事人带来利益的同时,也存在法律风险。

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篇二:阴阳合同

房屋买卖的阴阳合同

要求当事人订立签合同,是房屋交易的一种管理手段。通过在上公示购房合同,进而防止一房多卖等情形的发生。此外,签合同记载的购房价金也是房屋交易计税的依据。

所谓房屋买卖的阴阳合同是指买卖双方订立的书面购房合同与签公示的购房合同不一致的情形。

从性质上说,双方当事人订立的“阴合同”记载着双方当事人意思表示,是真正的合同。而“阳合同”则不能充分完全的反映当事人的意思表示,因此不是合同。当事人未订立书面“阴合同”,而引发合同纠纷的,在诉讼中“阳合同”只能作为证据使用。

一般情形下,双方当事人订立阴阳合同的目的,在于通过减低签合同中购房价金而少缴税费。此外,名义上买卖实际上赠与,以及学区房买卖过户中,双方在约定为购房人子女落户等情形,也可会构成阴阳合同。

双方当事人形成怎样的法律关系,应当以阴合同的内容为准。譬如,在学区房买卖中,买方要求卖方在一定期限内为子女办理户口迁入,卖方逾期未履行而引发纠纷的。只要买方能够证明双方有此约定,就可以要求卖方承担违约责任。

如其不能证明阴合同中有此约定,则其主张合同目的不能实现或要求对方承担违约责任,法院将不予支持。

篇三:阴阳合同

建设工程“阴阳合同”中合同价款约定的法律效力初探

建设工程施工合同签订过程中,发承包双方签订“阴阳合同”已非常普遍。按照招投标法规定,发承包双方应按招标文件及中标人的投标文件签订协议,不得另行签订背离招标文件等实质内容的合同。建设行政主管部门在收到发承包双方报备案的施工合同时亦按此要求进行审查。实践中,为规避行政主管部门的监督,发承包双方在按招标文件及中标人的投标文件签订正式的建设工程施工合同的同时,往往乂签订一份或数份的补充合同,对主合同中的一些重要条款进行变更,这其中居多的是对合同价款的变更。而合同价款的变更,最为普遍的表现是调整金额和调率。调整金额就是以原总标价为基础,下浮多少个白分点,直接费不变,调整费率则是将综合取费再优惠多少个白分点。因是出于规避目的,主合同和补充合同同时签订,乂对其中同一事实作出不同的约定,故称之为“阴阳合同”,其中主合同是“阳合同” 补充合同是“阴合同”。那么工程款支付、工程决算究竟应以哪一份合同作为有效依据呢?笔者认为,“阴合同”有效的,优先适用“阴合同”,否则,根据“阳合同”的效力,确定是否适用“阳合同”。

一、主合同中合同价款约定效力的确定

建设工程协议发包的,由发承包双方协商确定工程造价并在合同中约定。建设工程招投标方式发包的,招标方通过评标择优确定

中标人,并订立书面合同,这也当然包括了合同价款的约定。合同

是当事人协商一致、意志自治的体现,所以在排除了《合同法》第五十二条规定的合同无效的情形及第五十四条规定可撤销的情形之外,建设工程合同应依法有效。至于合同价款效力问题,我们应注意招投标法中有关禁止性规定。招投标法第三十三条规定,投标人不得以低于成本的报价竞标。第四十一条规定,中标人的投标应当能够满足招标文件的实质性要求,并且经评审的投标价格最低,但是投标价低于成本的除外。目前很多地区实行无标底招标,谁的投标价最低谁就中标,不存在招标人对投标价格进行评审并衡虽是否低于成本。如果发承包双方按中标价订立合同,而中标价低于成本的,显然是违背了招投标法中的强制性规定,根据《合同法》第五十二条之规定,合同价款的约定也就归于无效了。在此,工程成本决定了

合同价款的效力,那么,工程成本乂是如何计算的呢?

《建筑工程施工发包与承包计价管理办法》规定,投标

价是由成本(直接费、间接费)、利润和税金构成。根据该《办法》,招投标法中所提的成本应该指工程建设实际所需要投入的人工、材料、机械等可直接物化到工程中的成本,以及因工程而发生的管理费等间接费用。成本的概念一经确定,接下来的问题就是如何计算成本。成本涉及到社会平均成本和企业个别成本。社会平均成本是根据国家或所在地区预算定额及取费标准计算得出,企业个另U成本则按投标人根据企业定额并结合企业的具体实际情况计算得出,那么,衡虽投标人的投标价是否低于成本,究竟应依据哪一个成本呢?

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英文合同常用词汇和句型 1、开场白(合同的当事人背景介绍) 2、过渡条款 Now therefore, in consideration of the premises and covenants described herein-after, Party A and Party B agree as follows: 参考译文:因此,双方基于各自提供之对价订立本合同,并做如下约定: 注释和说明:”in consideration of premises and covenants”表示“在当事人提供的对价基础上”而非仅指“考虑到…”。读者应重点理解“premise”这个词。在一般场合下它是指与房屋相关的基础不动产或处所,但是在英文合同里边它却变成了“前提条件”。 3、结尾条款: IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by duly authorized representatives of both parties on the date and year first written above. 参考译文:本合同由被正当授权之人,于本协议于上述记载之日期代表双方当事人订立,特此证明。 注释和说明: (1)“in witness whereof”的含义类似于中文合同中常见的“口说无凭,立此为证”。 (2)“execute”在英文合同中常解为“签署”,而非“执行”。 4、favor, “in favor of somebody”= ”in one’s favor”的意思主要有两种: 以某人为受益人、有利于某人 5、subject to sth. 1) 遵从、遵守: This letter of Credit is subject to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (1983 Revision), international Chamber of commerce, Publication No.400. 2) 根据(法律、法规、合同) 3) 作动词用,意思是“服从于…”,“率属于…”,“使经受…” 4) 办理、存在。 5、Without prejudice to “在不损坏……”。 6、Any person who does... shall …表示任何做某人之人应。 7、For the purpose of “就……而言”。 8、Provided that 但是 9、Notwithstanding “即使,表示一种让步”。 10、in question “表示该” 11、including but not limited to “包括但不限于” 12、常理解为“有权利做某事” 1)have the right to do 2)be entitled to do 3)do sth. at one’s option or/ and discretion 4)have the authority to do 13、合同英语中“因为”的表达方法 1)owing to 2)attributable to 3)due to 4)in view of 5)by virtue of 14、notify sb. Of sth. in writing: 书面通知某人某事 15、in lieu of: 替代 16、关联企业: 1)affiliate: 广义上的具有法人人格的子公司,只要有参股关系即可,常翻译为“关联公司”

进口合同中英文对照

CONTRACT 合同号Contract 日期Date: 地点:Place: 卖方:The Seller: 地址:Address: TEL: FAX: 买方:The Buyer: 地址:Address: TEL: FAX: 本合同由买卖双方缔结,按照下述条款,卖方同意售出,买方同意购进以下商品: The Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to buy the under mentioned goods subject to terms and conditions set forth hereinafter as follows: 1.商品名称及规格NAME OF COMMODITY AND SPECIFICATION: 2.数量QUANTITY: 3.单价(包装费包括在内)UNIT PRICE (PACKING CHARGES INCLUDE): 4.总值: TOTAL VALUE: USD 5.包装(适于海洋运输)PACKING (SEAWORTHY):

6.生产国别及制造商COUNTRY OF ORIGIN & MANUFACTURE: 7.装运时间:TIME OF SHIPMENT: 8.装运口岸:PORT OF LOADING: 9.目的口岸:PORT OF DESTINATION: 10.装运唛头:SHIPPING MARKS 11.付款条件:Terms of Payment A. 买方于装运时间前天通过银行开出以卖方为受益人的不可撤销的信用证,卖方在装船启运后凭本合同条款12所列单据在开证银行已付货款。信用证有效期为装船后15天截止。 A. days prior to the time shipment, the Buyer shall open with the Bank of , an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favour of the Seller payable at the issuing Bank against presentation of the shipping documents as stipulated under Clause 12 of this Contract after departure of the carrying vessel. The said Letter of Credit shall remain in force till the 15th days after shipment. B. L/C AT SIGHT 见票即付信用证(或者根据实际情况改为TT) 12.装运单据Shipping Documents: DETAILED IN THE L/C 按信用证所列 13.延期交货及罚款:除不可抗拒原因外,如卖方不能如期交货,买方有权撤销或解除该订单,或经买方同意在卖方缴纳罚款的条件下延期交货。买方可同意给予卖方天优惠期。每迟延一天卖方需向买方支付订单总价款%的违约金。罚款自第天起计算。 Delayed Delivery and Penalty: Should the Sellers fail to effect delivery on time as stipulated in this Order owing to causes other than Force Majeure as provided for in Clause 11 of this Order, the Buyers shall have the right to cancel or terminate the order .The Sellers may, with the Buyers’consent, postpone delivery on payment of penalty to the Buyers. The Buyers may agree to grant the Sellers a grace period of days. Delay each day, the Seller need to pay % of the price (the compensation)to the Buyer. Penalty shall be calculated from the 16th day. 13、仲裁:凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的任何争议,均应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会天津国际经济金融仲裁中心,按照申请仲裁时该会现行有效的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的,对双方均有约束力。 Arbitration: Any dispute arising from or in connection with this CONTRACT shall be submitted to CIETAC Tianjin International Economic and Financial Arbitration Center for arbitration which shall be conducted in accordance with the Commission’s arbitration rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration. The arbitral awards is final and binding upon all parties 。 14. 商检条款INSPECTION:

中国合同法英文版

中国合同法英文版 CONTRACT LA W OF P. R. CHINA Adopted and Promulgated by the Second Session of the Ninth National People‘s Congress on March 15, 1999. Translated & Compiled by John Jiang & Henry Liu GENERAL PRINCIPLES Chapter One: General Provisions Article 1 Purpose This Law is formulated in order to protect the lawful rights and interests of contract parties, to safeguard social and economic order, and to promote socialist modernization. Article 2 Definition of Contract; Exclusions For purposes of this Law, a contract is an agreement between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations with equal standing, for the purpose of establishing, altering, or discharging a relationship of civil rights and obligations. An agreement concerning any personal relationship such as marriage, adoption, guardianship, etc. shall be governed by other applicable laws. Article 3 Equal Standing of Parties Contract parties enjoy equal legal standing and neither party may impose its will on the other party. Article 4 Right to Enter into Contract Voluntarily A party is entitled to enter into a contract voluntarily under the law, and no entity or individual may unlawfully interfere with such right. Article 5 Fairness The parties shall abide by the principle of fairness in prescribing their respective rights and obligations. Article 6 Good Faith The parties shall abide by the principle of good faith in exercising their rights and performing their obligations. Article 7 Legality In concluding or performing a contract, the parties shall abide by the relevant laws and administrative regulations, as well as observe social ethics, and may not disrupt social and economic order or harm the public interests.

英文商务合同范本

合同 CONTRACT 日期:合同号码: Date: Contract No.: 买方:(The Buyers) 卖方:(The Sellers) 兹经买卖双方同意按照以下条款由买方购进,卖方售出以下商品: This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers; whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods subject to the terms and conditions as stipulated hereinafter: (1) 商品名称: Name of Commodity: (2) 数量: Quantity: (3) 单价: Unit price: (4) 总值: Total Value: (5) 包装: Packing: (6) 生产国别: Country of Origin : (7) 支付条款: Terms of Payment: (8) 保险: Insurance: (9) 装运期限: Time of Shipment: (10) 起运港: Port of Lading:

(11) 目的港: Port of Destination: (12)索赔:在货到目的口岸45天内如发现货物品质,规格和数量与合同不符,除属保险公司或船方责任外,买方有权凭中国商检出具的检验证书或有关文件向卖方索赔换货或赔款。 Claims: Within 45 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination, should the quality, Specifications or quantity be found not in conformity with the stipulations of the contract except those claims for which the insurance company or the owners of the vessel are liable. The Buyers shall, have the right on the strength of the inspection certificate issued by the C.C.I.C and the relative documents to claim for compensation to the Sellers. (13)不可抗力:由于人力不可抗力的原由,发生在制造、装载或运输的过程中导致卖方延期交货或不能交货者,卖方可免除责任。在不可抗力发生后,卖方须立即电告买方及在14天内以空邮方式向买方提供事故发生的证明文件,在上述情况下,卖方仍须负责采取措施尽快发货。 Force Majeure: The sellers shall not be held responsible for the delay in shipment or non-deli-very of the goods due to Force Majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The sellers shall advise the Buyers immediately of the occurrence mentioned above the within fourteen days there after. The Sellers shall send by airmail to the Buyers for their acceptance certificate of the accident. Under such circumstances the Sellers, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods. (14)仲裁:凡有关执行合同所发生的一切争议应通过友好协商解决,如协商不能解决,则将分歧提交中国国际贸易促进委员会按有关仲裁程序进行仲裁,仲裁将是终局的,双方均受其约束,仲裁费用由败诉方承担。 Arbitration: All disputes in connection with the execution of this Contract shall be settled friendly through negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached, the case then may be submitted for arbitration to the Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in accordance with the Provisional Rules of Procedure promulgated by the said Arbitration Commission. The Arbitration committee shall be final and binding upon both parties. And the Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing parties.

常见英文合同翻译与详解

常见英文合同翻译与详解

引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。 合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。 语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1: The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and co mpletion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other s um as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manne r prescribed by the Contract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此 (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中 (5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which (7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照 (8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款 例2: We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correc t and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provi de documentary proof upon your request. 注释: (1)hereby:特此 (2)to the best of our knowledge:as far as we know据我们所知 (3)foregoing statement:above-mentioned statement上述声明 (4)herein:in this, in the statement在声明中 (5)documentary proof:证明文件 参考译文: 特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,

合作协议中英文版

编号:_______________本资料为word版本,可以直接编辑和打印,感谢您的下载 合作协议中英文版 甲方:___________________ 乙方:___________________ 日期:___________________

合作协议 Party A : Party B: 甲方:: 乙方: ,Party A and B invest in a ” for short thereinafter), On According to the Chinese laws and regulations new project known as :”( socalled “ the basic of the equality and mutual benefits , both parties friendly reached as following agreement: 根据有关法律、法规,本着平等互利的原则,甲、乙双方共同合作投资经营 ( —项目。经双方友好协商一致,特订立本协议 First Cooperative Project 合作项目: Party A and B share the investment of Before the is officially registered in China, ( )for legal business activities. ,and affiliated to Samvol. can use name of 双方拟共同投资经营的项目 ,并挂靠 的名义,乙方提供相关手续及 证件。公司在中国正式注册前, 可以借用 l 的名义进行一切合法商 业行为。 Second Ways of Investment 出资方式: The investment both parties are RMB, the total amount is RMB. During the partnership , each partner's contribution will be the joint property, not be segmented arbitrarily. All the joint property should be used for the legal

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