黄冈师范学院2011年下学期结业考试 英语语言学试题试卷注意：学员证号和姓名不写、不写全或写在密封线外者，试卷作废。

1. There are __ __ (number) phones, __ __ (number) phonemes in the word “loyalty ”2.Of all the speech organs, the __ ___ is the most flexible, and is responsible forvarieties of articulation than any other. When the vocal cords are drawn wide apart, letting air go through without causing vibration, the sounds produced in such condition are __ ____.3. The two words “autumn ” and “fall ” are __ __ synonyms.4. The _ ___ meaning of a word is its dictionary meaning while _ meaning refers to “the implication of a word, apart from its primary meaning.plementary distribution means that the _ __ of the same phoneme always occur in different phonetic environments.6. Generally speaking, we can divide phonetics into at least three branches: articulatory phonetics, _ __ phonetics and acoustic phonetics.7. Chomsky defines _ _ as the ideal speaker ’s knowledge of the rules of his language, and performance is the actual realization of this knowledge.8. The phenomenon “holiday meant a day of religious significance before, but today it signifies any day on which we don ’t have to work ” is _ __of the meaning9.In Engllish, nouns, verbs adjectives and adverbs make up the largest part of thevocabulary, they are called __ __ class words ,while conjunctions, prepositions, articles and pronouns are regarded as closed class words.10. Morphology is the study of the internal __ __ of words and the way in which words are formed.11. The word “disapproval ” has ___ ___ (number) morphemes while the word “unchecked ” has __ ___ (number) morphemes.12. _ _ are independent units of meaning and can be used freely all bythemselves.13.In English, _ _ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form.14. A lingustic study is _ _ if it describes and analyses the language people actually use; it is prescriptive if it tries to lay down rules for “correct ” behavior. 15.Suprasegmental features include stress, tone and _ __.1. （ ）There is only one argument in the sentence “Children play basketball.”2. （ ）Linguists think Black English is non-standard language while the received English is standard language.3. （）There is only one type of affixes in the English language. 4. （ ） Pragmatics is related to and also different from semantics.5. （ ） To a linguist, though all language forms can fulfill communicative functions, some languages are somewhat superior to the others.6. （ ）A synchronic study of language is a historical study.7. （ ）Deep structure is the same as surface structure.8. （ ）One of the recent trends of language change is moving towards greater formality. 9. （ ）The distinction between langue and parole was proposed by F. de Saussure. Column A Column B1.（ ） arbitrariness A. basic element of meaning, which cannot be divided2.（ ） maxim of quantity B. the meaning of a word can be divided into meaningcomponent3.（ ） culture C. the same one word may have more than onemeaning4.（ ） morphemes D. conveying literal meaning by means of syntax,lexicon, and phonology.5.（ ） Sequential rule E. make someone ’s contribution as informative asrequired6.（ ） assimilation rule F. there is no connection between a linguistic symbol I. Fill in the blanks (2’×15=30’)Ⅱ. Decide the following statements true or false: ( T for True and F for False).(1’×10=10’)III. Match the terms in column A with the descriptions incolumn B. (1’×10=10’)and what the symbol stands for7.（ ） locutionary act G . to govern the combination of sounds in aparticular language8.（ ） polysemy H. total way of life of a people, including the patternsof belief, customs, techniques and language9.（ ） semantic feature I. the abstract, inherent dictionary meaning of thelinguistic formJ. making the two neighbouring phones similar1. The boy found a book on the table.2. Mr.Smith declares the class is over.1. language —2. speech community —3. syntax —4. context —5. phoneme —6. linguistic relativity – 1. What is register as used by Halliday? Illustrate it with an example of your own (less than 100 words) ?2.What is the Cooperative Principle about? Who put it forward? (less than 100 words)IV . Draw a tree structure for each sentence taking inflectionas its head. (4’+6’=10’)V . Choose 4 of the following terms or concepts and give definition to each one. (5’×4=20’)VI.Answer the following questions.(10’×2=20’)※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※ 密封 线内不 准 答 题密封 线。