• 2. Did you at least total the guy that hit you? • 对那个揍你的家伙，你至少已经向他报复 了吧？
• 3、词义对比的文化内涵
• 4、Exercises • 1) At a memorial in New York, a little boy left his football with a note for his lost father, “Dear Daddy, please take this to Heaven. I don’t want to play football until I can play with you again someday.” • 在纽约举行的一次追思会上，一个小男孩留下他 的足球和给他死去的父亲的留言：“亲爱的爸爸， 请将这个足球带到天堂去。我不想再踢足球了， 除非有一天能与您一起踢。”
• 3) The U.S. Constitution separates the federal government into three distinct branches (judicial, legislative and executive) with a system of “checks and balances” among their powers. • 美国《合众国宪法》将联邦政府分为三个 各司其职的部门（司法、立法和行政）， 并在它们的权力上实行“制衡”制度。
翻译的语言对比规律
Pronunciation
• • • • • 1. 磕头 Kowtow 2. 四十四只石狮子 Forty-four stone lions 3. A new kind of aircraft---small, cheap, pilotless---is attracting increasing attention. • 一种新型飞机---体积小，便宜，无人驾驶--正在越来越引起人们的注意。
• 2) An American and his wife were driving in Canada and got lost. Finally they came into some city. They saw a gentleman on the sidewalk, so the gentleman pulled up to the curb, and the lady let down her window and asked: “Excuse me, sir. Where are we?” The gentleman on the street replied, “Saskatoon, Saskachewan.” The lady rolled up the window, turned to her husband and said, “We really are lost. They don’t even speak English here!”
• 4. Marijuana is usually regarded as a soft drug. • 大麻通常被看作是软性麻醉毒品。 • *（麻醉毒品）毒性较轻的；软性的 • 5. At this stage there is only soft intelligence about the enemy intention. We should not shoot him for the hip. • 在目前，关于敌人的意图还只有不太充分 的情报，我们不能鲁莽行事。
• *（情报等）非百分之百可靠
Total
• 1. Mr. Smith was given a new Corvette by a Denver dealer and totaled it the next month. • 史密斯先生从丹佛的一个经销商处弄到了 一辆崭新的考文特牌汽车，一个月后，这 车子就撞得无法修理了。 • *彻底撞毁
• 一对美国夫妇在加拿大开车迷了路。最后， 他们来到某个城市。他们看见人行道上有 位先生。先生走到路边，妻子放下车窗问 道：“先生，请问，这是什么地方？”站 在路边的先生答道：“Saskatoon, Saskachewan （萨斯喀彻温省的萨斯卡 通）。”妻子摇上车窗，回过头对丈夫说： “我们真的迷路了。他们这儿甚至不讲英 语。”
Байду номын сангаас
• 4) Sandra Roelofs has said that she plans to keep living in the family’s modest flat near a McDonald’s restaurant in downtown Tbilisi, even though they are now entitled to move into a luxurious government residence. “She is Dutch, she doesn’t care about fancy houses and cars,” Malika, a 29-year-old civil servant in Tbilisi, said approvingly.
英汉语义对比
• • • • • • 1.、语言是随着社会实践的发展而发展的。 2、意义的对等程度 1）完全对等 2）部分对应 3）不能确定 4）一词多义
soft
• 1. a soft aboveground launching site • 无坚固掩体的地面发射基地 • 2. The record has been considered soft ever since it was set last May. • 自从五月份创造了这个纪录以来，人们一 直认为它是很容易被打破的。 • *（导弹设施等）无坚固掩护工事的，可攻 破的
• 3. The landing must be super-soft, made at a velocity of 18 miles or so an hour. • 这次着陆一定是超级的软着陆，即着陆时 的飞行速度在每小时18英里（约29）公里 左右。 • *（宇宙飞船的着陆）飞行速度在32公里/小 时左右的；软着陆