非谓语动词动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。
高考重点要求：1、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式2、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式一、理论知识（《全优课堂》P302-304页请找出以下句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and food.谓语动词____________________非谓语动词___________________非谓语动词的三种基本形式表主动，将来_____________表主动，进行_____________表被动，完成_____________分析一下不定式的形式及意义1/ We all expect the boy to win the match. ( to do 表______________)2/ The problem to be discussed tomorrow is of great importance. ( to be done 表_____________)3/ Tom was considered to have broken the cup. ( to have done 表_________________)4/ The cup was considered to have been broke n by Tom. ( to have been done 表______________)5/ The boy is pretending to be listening carefully. ( to be doing 表___________________ )分析一下动词ing的形式及意义1/ The girl standing over there is my sister. ( doing 表__________________)2/ The road being repaired now is called Binjiang Road. ( being done表_______________ )3/ Having finished her homework, Lily went out to play table tennis. ( having done 表_______)4/ Having been told the bad news, he couldn’t help crying. (having been done 表___________)分析一下动词ed的形式及意义The photo taken by the photographer is quite eye-catching. ( done 表_____________________)非谓语动词的否定式：not 放在该非谓语动词之前如：not to be done, not having been done, not doneAny difference between “done” and “having been done”?被告知了这令人兴奋的消息，他感到兴奋。
Having been told the exciting news, he was excited.Told the exciting news, he was excited.* having been done 和done 都可以作状语表示动作完成和被动，但having been done 强调动作发生在谓语动词之前。
这是一栋由著名建筑师设计的楼房。
This is a building designed by a famous architect. ( right)This is a building having been designed by a famous architect.(wrong)* done 可作后置定语having been done 不能充当后置定语非谓语在句子中可充当的成分：二、做题方法1. ______many times , but he still couldn't understand it .2. ______many times , he still couldn't understand it .A.Having been toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. Though he had beentold（一）、分析_______________，确定________与__________.（二）、找逻辑_____________, 确定_________.（三）、找_________________，确定_________.1. It ___ a hot day, so we decide to go out.2. It ___ a hot day , we’d better go swimming.3. ___ a rainy day; we decided not to go out.A.isB. to beC. beingD. It beingE. It wasF. been※注意标点符号※常出现的考点1.英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示“令人……的”,其过去分词表示(人)感到……的”.如：astonished , astonishing.2.一些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态，这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路), seated(坐)，born(出身于), relaxed(放松), worried/ surprised…, lost /absorbed in(沉迷于); dressed in(穿着); tired of (厌烦)eg: Lost in thought, he didn’t catch what I said.Dressed in a suit, he looks smart today.3. 使役动词和感官动词4.分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致➢Given another chance, I can also pass the exam.➢Following the teacher, the children went to the park.5. 不定式作状语，常表示目的➢Tim sat near the fire to get warm.➢The athletes practised hard to win the match.6. only to do ---- 表示结果➢I tried the door, only to find it locked inside.7. 当物做主语时,在need, want, require动词后常用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式.❖The questions need discussing.❖The questions need to be discussed.8. 有些动词后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思区别不大;有些动词后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思区别很大.remember _______记住去做某事(不要忘记做) remember _______记得做过某事(已做) forget _______忘了去做某事(没做) forget _______忘记了做过某事(已做)regret _______遗憾要做某事(say / tell / inform) regret _______懊悔做过某事stop _______.停止做某事stop _______.停下来去做某事mean _______.打算/存心做某事mean _______.意味着做某事try _________.尝试着做某事try _________.尽量/努力做某事go on ________.继续做某事(同一件) go on ________.接着做另外一件事can not help ___________.不能帮助做某事can not help ___________.禁不住要做某事9. 不定式的主动形式表示被动意义1/.不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系, 有和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时➢If you want to make even greater progress in your studies, you still have many difficulties to overcome.➢He needs a room to live in.2/. 动词不定式放在作表语和宾语补足语的形容词后,(主语+系动词+形容词+不定式;主语+动词+宾语+形容词+不定式), 不定式用主动表被动➢The question is difficult to answer.➢The passage is too hard to translate.➢I found the car comfortable to ride in.➢He’s a man easy to get on with.➢That makes poetry difficult to write.3/. 不定式与疑问代词连用时➢In society, I really don’t know who to compete fairly with.➢She is a mother of two children, so she knows what to expect in her job.三、非谓语动词与高考1. 非谓语动词在语法填空的考查（2007年）…… While she was getting me _34_______ (settle) into a tiny but cleanroom, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to (35)__ a _ small town some 20 kilometres away (36) where there was a garage.(2008年)Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. (31) Behind these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop _32_______ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.(2009年)Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult (31) it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy _32_________ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.(2010年)…… After the student left, the teacher let (36) another student taste the water. He spit it out, _37_________(say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container（2011年）I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man __18 (sit) at the front. Behind him were other people to 21.whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes, 22. he walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.(2012年) Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _________ (wear) sun glasses.(2013年) In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always _________(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.(2014年) We got a little ________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.2. 非谓语动词在高考写作中的应用2008广东高考基础写作：……射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。