完形填空和翻译第一次作业答案2．考点解读大学英语四级考试完形填空所测试的内容大致分为四类：1）词汇辨析词汇辨析是完形填空中最主要的考点。
如果从测试的重点来划分，还可进一步分为词义辨析，语义辨析，和介词辨析等。
词义辨析题的选项通常以同义词, 近义词, 反义词和形近词的形式出现。
例1：Children in low-income families and poor communities are less likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often lack the resources needed to pay for participation ___, equipment, and transportation to practices and games and their communities do not have resources to build and maintian sports fields and facilities. (08.12)A) bill B) accounts C) fees D) fare【答案】C【解析】该题属于义近词辨析。
Bill意为“账单”；account意为“账户”；fee意为“费用”, fare 主要指“门票﹑车票”。
根据题意，这里应该指参加的费用。
2）固定搭配该考点主要考查学生的英语词组、短语、习惯用法等英语搭配知识。
例2：Sleep Smart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped _____electrodes(电极) and a microprocessor.（06.6）A) by B) of C) with D) over【答案】C【解析】本题考查固定搭配equip sb./sth. with sth., 意为“配备、装配”。
3）语法结构从目前的完形填空题来看，语法题的比重呈下降趋势，但它仍是一个重要的考点。
常考的语法点有：情态动词﹑关系代词或副词﹑比较句﹑定语从句﹑虚拟语气﹑时态﹑一致等。
例3：For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. （05.12）A) who B)what C) which D) that【答案】B【解析】此题考查语法。
What在此处引导名词性从句“what they would be”，该名词性从句一起充当介词at的宾语。
4) 逻辑衔接该考点主要包括过渡词、连接手段、指代关系、肯定、否定等。
文章的逻辑关系大致有列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、递进、补充、目的、条件等。
例4：But human language permits communication about anything, things like unicorn(独角兽) that have never existed. (06.12)A) only B) almost C) even D) just【答案】C【解析】根据上下文，空格处需要填入一个表示递进关系的连词，故选C。
3．解题技巧及步骤3.1 解题技巧1）利用排除法排除明显干扰项在解题过程中，如果不能很有把握地直接选出某一道题的答案，可以先利用排除法将各选项代入空白处，排除明显不符合题意的选项，从而缩小选择的范围。
具体来讲，可以利用如下线索：(1) 判断所填词在句中充当什么成份，是什么词性，从而排除干扰选项。
(2) 利用上下文的时态、语态和语气排除不符合要求的干扰选项。
(3) 利用名词的数来判断各选项是否符合句子要求。
(4) 寻找与空白处构成搭配的词语，从而排除不能与其搭配的选项。
(5) 将各选项填入空白处将句子译成汉语，排除明显不能使句子通顺的选项。
2）寻找固定搭配，理清并识别句子结构解题过程中应充分发挥平时积累的语言基础知识，判断上下文中是否存在结构搭配和惯用搭配等。
例1：Similarly, consumers operating under a given mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction ______ with that mood state. (07.12)A)resistant B)persistent C)insistent D)consistent【答案】D【解析】此题的解题关键在于空格后的with一词。
在四个选项中只有consistent可与介词with搭配，意为“与……一致”。
例2：Nothing defines humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, _______ about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. （06.12）A) what B)whether C) while D) if【答案】B【解析】由空格前后句子的结构可知，该题考查whether…or…固定搭配，意思是“无论是……还是……”。
3）利用上下文逻辑关系完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系。
答题时, 考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局, 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。
例如：例3: Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by means of cries: for example, many birds utter warning calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. (2002.12 )A) identical B) similar C) different D unfamiliar【答案】C【解析】由于句子之间语义上的相关性，有时完形填空题题干中的一部分内容是对选项词的解释，或者选项的释义通过such as, for example, that is, and 等词体现出来。
在该题中，由such as 后列举的例子可知该句是指猴子所发出的不同声音。
例4: Most of them are not serious; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 13% of them –roughly four a day – are serious enough to require a pilot to change course. (05.12)A) For B) On C) But D) So【答案】C【解析】空格前讲的是不太严重的症状，空格后的下文讲的却是少数严重症状导致的结果，上下文之间形成一种转折对比的关系，故选C。
4）利用词的复现或共现确定正确选择项共现即某一组词总会出现在同一个语义场中。
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的，因此，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，从而确定选项。
例5：His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that scans any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like ____ through a speaker. (05. 6)A) behavior B) expression C) movement D) voice【答案】D【解析】空格前的sounds(声音)和orally (口头地) 以及空格后的speaker(扬声器)与所填词构成语义场共现，由此可推知答案为voice(说话声)。
Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed 67 extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions 68 from university to university, according to the views of the people in 69 and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do not 70 the staff or equipment to carry out the 71 research projects possible in larger institutions. 72 most experts agree that some research activity is 73 to keep the staff and their students in 74 with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to 75 the knowledge needed for their chosen 76 . Educationists believe that this aim should not be the 77 one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women 78 judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they 79 students to meet others with differing 80 and to read widely to 81 their understanding in many fields of study. 82 a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own 83 . He should be prepared to 84 sacrifices to study his chosen 85 in depth. He should have an ambition to make some 86 contribution to man's knowledge.67.A) at B) by C) to D) in68.A) turns B) ranges C) moves D) varies69.A) prospect B) place C) control D) favor70.A) occupy B) possess C) involve D) spare71.A) maximum B) medium C) virtual D) vast72.A) But B) As C) While D) For73.A) natural B) essential C) functional D) optional74.A) coordination B) accordance C) touch D) grasp75.A) acquire B) accept C) endure D) ensure76.A) procession B) profession C) possession D) preference77.A) typical B) true C) mere D) only78.A) with B) under C) on D) through79.A) prompt B) provoke C) encourage D) anticipate80.A) histories B) expressions C) interests D) curiosities81.A) broaden B) lengthen C) enforce D) specify82.A) Amid B) Over C) After D) Upon83.A) object B) effect C) course D) sake84.A) take B) suffer C) make D) pay85.A) field B) target C) scope D) goal86.A) radical B) meaningful C) truthful D) initial第一步，通读全文，理解大意。