2014高考英语阅读理解全程基础训练（5）及答案阅读理解------BPeople who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at recalling information and making links between facts when waking. But recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. The results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is very important to the brain’s ability to form strong memories.An average night's rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night -- and therefore inadequate REM sleep -- may be damaging their mind's ability to memorize: Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.In the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words --- such as “cookie”, “heart”, and “sixteen”----and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words. They were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. In between, some were allowed a nap with REM sleep, some a nap without REM sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups didn't improve, but the REM sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent.Dr Sara Mednick, a sleep researcher at the University of California who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain occurs during REM sleep. People woken while their closed eyes made rapid movements recalled much more colorful and detailed dreams than people woken during other stages of sleep.1. According to the passage, to have a good memory, a person had better _______ at night.A. sleep four to five hours at mostB. sleep as much as possibleC. sleep with four or five periods of REMD. have a shallow sleep答案解析：答案为C。
本题为细节题。
由第二段“An av erage night's rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep… This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night -- and therefore inadequate REM sleep -- may be damaging their mind's ability to memorize:”可知，REM 睡眠包括四个或者五个阶段，如果成年人睡眠少于七到八个小时，会伤害大脑的记忆力，故答案为C。
2. If you don’t sleep seven to eight hours at night very often, _______.A. you will tend to have longer periods of REMB. your strong memories might be ruinedC. you will have an adequate REM sleepD. your mind can form strong memories答案解析：答案为B。
本题为细节题。
结合上题的分析可知，如果睡眠少于七到八个小时，记忆力会受到伤害。
故答案为B。
3. The third paragragh is mainly about _______ of the most recent study.A. the processB. the resultsC. the participantsD. the content答案解析：答案为A。
通读第三段可知，本段是关于研究的过程。
故答案为A。
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To explain the imortance of REM sleep to one’s memoriesB. To persuade readers to sleep seven to eight hours at night.C. To discuss the relationship between sleep and memoriesD. To introduce the new study on sleep and memories答案解析：答案为D。
本题考查作者的写作目的。
本文第一段引入了REM 睡眠对人的记忆力的影响，第二段对其进行了具体介绍，第三段介绍了研究的过程，最后一段对REM 睡眠作出了进一步的解释，故答案为D，介绍一项睡眠和记忆的新研究。
阅读理解--------CWhen Joan gave birth to the first boy in her family in three generations, she and her husband were overjoyed. So were her parents. Joan expected her elder sister, Sally, to be just as delighted as them. Joan had always admired Sally--the beauty and the star of the family--and felt happy about her achievements.But since the baby's arrival, the sisters have become distant. Joan feels hurt for Sally seems completely uninterested in her baby. Sally, who has no children, claims that her younger sister "acts as if no one ever had a beby before."Neither Sally nor Joan understands that the real cause of the current coldness is that their family roles have suddenly changed to the opposite. Finally Joan seems to be better than her elder sister--and Sally doesn't like it! Their distance may be temporary, but it shows that childhood competition don't fade easily as ages grow. It can remain powerful in relationships throughout life.In a study of the University of Cincinnati,65 men and women between ages 25 and 93 were asked how they felt about their brothers and sisters. Nearly 75 percent admitted having hidden competitive feelings. In a few cases, these emotions were so strong as to have affected their entire lives.Many adult brothers and sisters are close, supportive--yet still tend to compete. Two brothers I know turn into killers when on opposite sides of a tennis net. Off the court, they are the best of friends. My own younger sister can't wait to tell me when I've put on weight. However, she's a terrible cook and that pleases me; I tease her when she comes to dinner. Happily, despite these small failings, we have been an important resource for each other.In between the very competitive and the generally supportive children lie those who say that no friendship should survive. Some brothers and sisters stay at arm's length, hut never give up competition completely. Why do these puzzling, unproductive, often painful relationships continue to exist?36. When Joan's son was born, Sally .A. felt very happyB. was undelightedC. moved awayD. admired her a lot【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。