课后习题Chapter1随堂练习：1—24 1—25课后练习：1—32Chapter2随堂练习：2—35 2—38课后练习：2—36Chapte3随堂练习：3—18 3—21 3—27 3—30 3—31 3—37 3—39课后练习：3—36Chapte4随堂练习：4—28 4—29 4—30 4—35课后练习：4—42Chapter5随堂练习：5—37 5—38 5—39 5—41课后练习：5—58Chapter6随堂练习：6—316—536—62课后练习：6—346—406—54 256页problem 1 & 2 （此答案书后有）6—846—86Chapter7随堂练习：7—42 7—43 7—58课后练习：7—28Chapter8随堂练习：8—33 8—32课后练习：8—44Chapter9随堂练习：9—26 9—28 9—29 9—45 9—57课后练习：9—49 9—58Chapter10 ：无Chapter11随堂练习：11—52课后练习：11—43 11—46 11—47Chapter12随堂练习：12—2712—28课后练习：12—3112—4012—41备注：标注有红色的题号都是可以找到答案的题，其余的习题没答案，没答案的题可以借阅平时上课做了笔记的同学。

希望大家期末都努力复习争取取得好的成绩！加油！O(∩_∩)O习题答案Chapter11-24ALBANY CORPORATIONBalance SheetMarch 31, 20X1Liabilities andAssets Stockholders' EquityCash $ 6,000 (a) Liabilities:Accounts receivable 14,000 Accounts payable $ 11,000 (f) Notes receivable 2,000 Notes payable 10,000 Merchandise inventory 43,000 (b) Long-term debt 32,000 (g) Furniture and fixtures 2,000 (c) Total liabilities 53,000 Machinery and equipment 27,000 (d) Stockholders' equity:Land 31,000 (e) Paid-in capital 92,000 (h) Building 20,000Total $145,000 Total $145,000(a) Cash: 10,000 + 1,000 – 5,000 = 6,000(b) Merchandise inventory: 40,000 + 3,000 = 43,000(c) Furniture and fixtures: 3,000 – 1,000 = 2,000(d) Machinery and equipment: 15,000 + 12,000 = 27,000(e) Land: 6,000 + 25,000 = 31,000(f) Accounts payable: 8,000 + 3,000 = 11,000(g) Long-term debt: 12,000 + 20,000 = 32,000(h) Paid-in capital: 80,000 + 12,000 = 92,000Note: Event 5 requires no change in the balance sheet.1-25BROADWAY CORPORATIONBalance SheetNovember 30, 20X1Liabilities andLiabilities andAssets Stockholders’ EquityCash $ 13,000 (a) Liabilities:Accounts receivable 16,000 (b) Accounts payable $ 10,000 (e) Notes receivable 8,000 Notes payable 31,000 (f) Merchandise inventory 29,000 Long-term debt 119,000 (g) Furniture and fixtures 8,000 Total liabilities 160,000 Machinery and equip. 34,000 (c) Stockholders’ equity:Land 35,000 (d) Paid-in Capital 213,000 (h)Building 230,000Total $373,000 Total $373,000(a) Cash: 22,000 – 6,000 – 3,000 = 13,000(b) Accounts receivable: 10,000 + 6,000 = 16,000(c) Machinery and equipment: 20,000 + 14,000 = 34,000(d) Land: 41,000 – 6,000 = 35,000(e) Accounts payable: 16,000 – 6,000 = 10,000(f) Notes payable: 20,000 + (14,000 – 3,000) = 31,000(g) Long-term debt: 142,000 – 23,000 = 119,000(h) Paid-in capital: 190,000 + 23,000 = 213,000Note: Event 4 requires no change in the balance sheet.Chapter2(无答案)Chapter33-36(30-45 min.) A nswers are in thousands of dollars.1. a. Inventory 550Accounts payable 550 Acquisition of inventoriesb. Accounts receivable 800Sales 800 Sales on accountc. Cost of goods sold 440Inventory 440 Cost of inventory soldd. Cash 80Note payable 80 Borrowed from a supplier onJune 1, 20X8. Four-year note,interest at 15%, and principalpayable at end of four yearse. Prepaid rent 25Cash 25 Paid rent in advancef. Wages expense 165Cash 165 Paid wagesg. Miscellaneous expenses 76Cash 76 Paid miscellaneous expensesh. Note receivable 20Cash 20 Loan to office manager one-yearnote, 10 % interesti. Cash 691Accounts receivable 691Collections on accountsj. Accounts payable 471Cash 471 Payments on accountsk. Rent expense 26Prepaid rent 26 To reduce prepaid rent to $3,000l. Depreciation expense 6Accumulated depreciation,store equipment 6 Depreciation for the year 19X8m. Wages expense 6Cash 6 Adjustment for wagesn. Interest expense 7Cash 7 Adjustment: .15 x $80,000 x 7/12o. Cash 1Interest revenue 1 Adjustment: .10 x $20,000 x 6/122.A ccumulated Depreciation,Wages Expense Miscellaneous Expense(g) 76* Balance 12/31/X7** Balance 12/31/X83. CANSECO GA RDENSTrial BalanceDecember 31, 20X8Debits Credits Cash $ 24Accounts receivable 146Note receivable 20Inventory 241Prepaid rent 3Store equipment 60Accumulated depreciation,store equipment $ 30 Accounts payable 190Note payable 80Paid-in capital 40Retained income 79Sales 800Interest revenue 1Cost of goods sold 440Rent expense 26Depreciation 6Interest expense 7Miscellaneous expenses 76Wages expense 171Total $1,220 $1,220Chapter4(无答案)Chapter55-391. Gross sales $650,000*Deduct:Sales returns and allowances $30,000Cash discounts on sales 20,000 50,000Net sales $600,000 *$600,000 + $20,000 + $30,000 = $650,0002. (a) Accounts receivable 650,000Sales revenue 650,000(b) Sales returns and allowances 30,000Accounts receivable 30,000(c) Cash 600,000Cash discounts on sales 20,000Accounts receivable 620,0005-58(20 min.)Note that the data provide four years of experience to use in calculating the properpercentage. Sales and ending accounts receivable from 20X1 through20X4 are matched with write-offs for 20X2 through 20X5.1. Bad debt write-offs as a percentage of sales provides the amount to be added tothe allowance account. Bad debt write-offs as a percentage of sales are:($12,500 + $14,000 + $16,500 + $17,600)/($680,000 + $750,000 + $750,000 +$850,000) = $60,600/$3,030,000 = 2%Bad debt expense, 20X5 = 2% x $850,000 = $17,000Ending balance, allowance for uncollectible accounts= Beginning balance +bad debt expense– bad de = $16,000 + $17,000 – $17,600= $15,4005-58 (continued)Use of T-accounts might help:2. The percentage of ending accounts receivable method provides the desiredbalance in the allowance account. The allowance account balance, as apercentage of ending accounts receivable, should be calculated asfollows:($12,500 + $14,000 + $16,500 + $17,600)/($90,000 + $97,000 + $103,000 + $114,000)= $60,600/$404,000 = 15%Ending balance, allowance for uncollectible accounts, 20X5 = 15% x $112,000 =$16,800Beginning + bad debt –bad d balance expense write $16,000 +bad debt –$17,600 = $expenseBad debt expense = $16,800 + $17,600 – $16,000 = $18,400The critical issue is to realize the allowance balance before the bad debt expense entry isthe beginning balance of $16,000 less the write-offs of $17,600; a debitbalance of 1,600. The expense must bring this balance to zero and thencreate the required $16,800 credit balanceChapter 66-31PRA G’s JEWELRY WHOLESA LERSStatement of Gross ProfitFor the Year Ended December 31, 20X8(In Thousands)Gross sales $1,000 Deduct: Sales returns and allo wances $40 Cash discounts on sales 5 45Net sales 955Cost of goods sold:Inv entory, December 31, 20X7 $103A dd: Gross purchases $650Deduct: Purchase returnsand allo wances $27Cash discounts on purchases 6 33Net purchases 617A dd Freight-in 50Cost of merchandise acquired 667Cost of goods av ailable for sale 770Deduct: Inv entory, December 31, 19X8 170 Cost of goods sold 600 Gross profit $355 6-34 (10-15 min.)Cost of Goods A vailable = £21,300(8,000 + 4,200 + 4,400 + 2,300 + 2,400)L I F O E n d i n g I n v e n t o r y=(4,000@£2)+(1,500@£2.10)=£11,150FIFO Ending Inventory = 1,000 @ 2.40 =1,000 @ 2.30 = 2,3002,000 @ 2.20 = 4,4001,500 @ 2.10 = 3,1505,500 £12,250 Weighted av erage = £= £Ending inventory 5,500 @ £2.13 = £11,715Cost of Goods Sold Calculation:LIFO FIFO A verage Goods av ailable £21,300 £21,300 £21,300 Less Ending Inv entory (11,150) (12,250) (11,715) Cost of Goods Sold £10,150 £ 9,050 £ 9,585 6-40(10-15 min.)Compound entries could be prepared. (A mounts are in millions.)a. Sales returns and allowances 5Cash discounts on sales 8A ccounts receivable 226Sales 239b. Cost of goods sold 157Purchase returns and allowances 6Cash discounts on purchases 1Inventory 25Purchases 125Freight-in 14c. Inventory 40Cost of goods sold 40d. Other expenses 80Cash 80 6-53(15-25 min.)Under the FIFO cost-flow assumption, the periodic and perpetual procedures giv e identical results. The ending inv entory will be v alued on the basis of the last purchases during the period.Units $Beginning Inv entory 110 550Purchases 290 2,050Goods av ailable 400 2,600Units sold 255 1,485**Units in ending Inv entory145 1,115** 145 units remain in ending inv entory100 will be v alued at the $8 cost from the October 21 purchase and the remaining 45 will be v alued at the $7 cost from the May 9 purchase100 x $8 = $ 80045 x $7 = 315$1,115 Ending inv entory** Reconciliation: Cost of Goods Sold:255 Units: 110 x $5 = $ 55080 x $6 = 48065 x $7 = 455$1,4856-54 (30-35 min.)1. Gross profit percentage = $1,200,000 ÷ $3,000,000 = 40%Inventory turnover = $1,800,000 ÷2000, 550000,650$= 3 times2. Inv entory turnov er = $1,800,000 ÷ $450,000 = 4 times, a 1/3 increase in turnov er.3. With a lower av erage inv entory and constant turnover, cost of sales must fall. T o t alcost of goods sold = $450,000 x 3 = $1,350,000. To achiev e a gross profit of$1,200,000, total sales must be $1,350,000 + $1,200,000, or $2,550,000. The grossprofit percentage must be $1,200,000 ÷ $2,550,000 = 47.1%. Requirements 2 & 3sho w that if inv entory levels are reduced y ou must increase either turnover ormargins to maintain profitability.4. Summary (computations are sho wn belo w):Succeeding YearGiv en Year 4a 4b Sales $3,000,000 $2,892,857 $3,093,750Cost of goods sold 1,800,000 1,620,000 1,980,000 Gross profit $1,200,000 $1,272,857 $1,113,750a. New gross profit percentage, 40% + .10(40%) = 44%New inv entory turnover, 3 – .10(3) = 2.7New cost of goods sold, $600,000 x 2.7 = $1,620,000New sales = $1,620,000 ÷ (1 – .44)= $1,620,000 ÷ .56= $2,892,857Note that this is a more profitable alternative, assuming that the gross profitpercentage and the turnover can be achiev ed. In contrast, alternative 4b is lessattractiv e than the original 40% gross profit and turnover of 3.b. New gross profit percentage, 40% – .10(40%) = 36%New inv entory turnover, 3 + .10(3) = 3.3New cost of goods sold, $600,000 x 3.3 = $1,980,000New sales = $1,980,000 ÷ (1 .36)= $1,980,000 ÷ .64= $3,093,7505. Retailers find these ratios (and variations thereof) helpful for a v ariety of operatingdecisions, too many to enumerate here. A n obvious help is the quantify ing of theoptions facing management regarding what and how much inv entory to carry, andwhat pricing policies to follo w. You may want to stress that this analy sis ig n o res o n ebenefit of higher turnover—the firm reduces its inv estment in inv entory and reducesstorage and display requirements.6-84(15-20 min.)1.A n understatement of ending inventories overstates cost of goods sold andunderstates taxable income by $500,000. Taxes evaded would be .40 x $500,000 =$200,000.2.This news story provides a good illustration of why a basic knowledge ofaccounting is helpful in understanding the business press. The news story isincomplete or misleading in one important respect. The business owner'sunderstated ending inventory becomes the understated beginning inventory of thenext y ear. If no other manipulations occur, the owner will understate cost of go odssold during the next y ear, overstate taxable income, and pay an extra $200,000 inincome taxes. Thus, the owner will have postponed pay ing income taxes for oneyear, pay ing no interest on the money "borrowed" from the government.To continue to evade the $200,000 of income taxes of y ear one, the endinginventory of the second year must be understated by $500,000 again. Ho wev er, ifonly the $500,000 understatement persists y ear after y ear, the owner is enjoy ing aperpetual loan of $200,000 (based on a 40% tax rate) from the government. Datafollow (in dollars):6-84 (continued)Honest Reporting Dishonest ReportingFirst Year Second Year First Year Second Year Beginning inventory 3,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 Purchases 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 Available for sale 13,000,000 12,500,000 13,000,000 12,000,000 Ending inventory 2,500,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 Cost of goods sold 10,500,000 10,000,000 11,000,000 10,000,000 Income tax savings @ 40% 4,200,000 4,000,000 4,400,000 4,000,000 Income tax savings fortwo y ears together 8,200,000 8,400,000 Some students may incorrectlycumulative effect. You may wish to emphasize that the second y ear has the samecost of goods sold in each column, because in the "dishonest" case bothbeginning and ending inventory are understated by the same amount. To evadean additional $200,000 of income taxes in the second year, the ending inventorymust be understated by $1,000,000 (not $500,000) in the second y ear.6–86(35-45 min.) A mounts are in millions.Inventory Calculation1. Beginning + Purchases – Sales = Ending658 + Purchases – 6,746 = 1,232Purchases = 6,746 – 658 + 1,232Purchases = $7,3202. Turnover = Cost of sales ÷ average inventory Turnover = $6,746 ÷ ($1,232 + $658) ÷ 2 = $6,746 ÷ $945 = 7.143. Gross MarginSales$18,928$6,746 $18,928 -= .64 2000$12,1734,259$ $12,173-= .65 1999489,8$924,2$ 489,8$ -= .66 1998The gross margin has fallen slightly over the three y ears.Gross margins for Cisco are high. This is because of the industry . Software and technology innovations are expensive to develop but inexpensive to produce and distribute. Note that costs of creating these products are largely research and development, and these costs are accounted for as operating expenses in the year incurred.Chapater77-28(10-15 min.) You may want to use T-accounts too.1. Depreciation expense, equipment 160,000Accumulated depreciation, equipment 160,000 To record annual depreciation:($880,000-$80,000) ÷ 5 = $160,0002. Cash 160,000Accumulated depreciation,equipment 80,000Equipment 220,000Gain on sale of equipment 20,000 To record sale of equipment:Cash proceeds $160,000Original cost $220,000Accumulated depre-ciation, 2 x $40,000 = 80,000Book value (or carryingamount) 140,000Gain on sale $ 20,0003. Cash 110,000Accumulated depreciation,equipment 80,000 Loss on sale of equipment 30,000 Equipment 220,000 To record sale of equipment:Cash proceeds $110,000Book value (see above) 140,000Loss on sale $ 30,0007-58(25-35 min.) A mounts in table are in thousands of dollars.1. Zero Income Taxes2. 40% IncomeTaxesStraight-line Accelerated Straight-line AcceleratedDepreciation Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Revenues 900 900 900 900 Cash operating expenses 600 600 600 600 Cash provided by operationsbefore income taxes 300 300 300 300 Depreciation expense 50 100 50 100 Operating income 250 200 250 200 Income tax expense ––100 80 Net income 250 200 150 120 Supplementary analysis:Cash provided by operationsbefore income taxes 300 300 300 300 Income tax payments ––100 80 Net cash provided byoperations 300 300 200 220 3. By itself, depreciation expense does not provide cash. This point is illustrated bypart 1 that compares the amounts shown before taxes. Note that the cashprovided by operations (and the ending cash balances) are exactly the same. Nomatter what depreciation expense is allocated to the year (whether $50,000,$100,000, or zero), the $300,000 cash provided by operations and the ending cashwill be unaffected.Examine part 2, that compares amounts after taxes. A gain, by itself, depreciationdoes not affect the cash inflow provided by operations. However, depreciationdoes affect the cash outflow for income taxes. The use of accelerateddepreciation results in a strange combination of showing less net income butconserving more cash. The accelerated method shows net income of $120,000(compared with $150,000 using straight-line), but accelerated shows a netincrease in cash provided by operations (less income taxes) of $220,000(compared with $200,000 using straight-line). A ccordingly, the final cash balanceis $20,000 higher for accelerated than for straight-line.4. Journal entries (not required) may clarify the effects:Depreciation expense 50,000 moreAccumulated depreciation 50,000 moreIncome tax expense 20,000 lessCash 20,000 less7-58 (continued)The reduction of retained income would be $150,000 – $120,000. That is, net income(and hence retained income) would be $30,000 lower. In summary:Cash, increase by tax savings, .40 x $50,000 = $20,000Accumulated depreciation, increased by $50,000Operating income, decrease by $50,000Income tax expense, decrease by $20,000Retained income, decrease by $30,0005. The doubling of depreciation would cause net income to decrease but in theabsence of tax effects would have no effect on cash provided by operations:Straight-line AcceleratedDepreciation DepreciationBefore Doubled Before Doubled Revenues 900 900 900 900 Cash operating expenses 600 600 600 600 Cash provided by operations 300 300 300 300 Depreciation expense 50 100 100 200 Income before income taxes 250 200 200 100 Income tax expense ----Net income 250 200 220 100Chapater88-32(10-15 min.)1. Claims Distribution of ProceedsFirst mortgage bondspayable $13,000,000 In full $13,000,000 Accounts payable 3,000,000 3/8 of remainder* 2,250,000 Unsubordinated debentures 5,000,000 5/8 of remainder* 3,750,000 Total claims $21,000,000 Total distribution $19,000,000 * Total general unsecured claims = $3,000,000 + $5,000,000 = $8,000,000,so remaining proceeds of $19,000,000 – $13,000,000, or $6,000,000, will besplit 3/8, 5/8, or 75 cents per dollar of claim ($6,000,000 ÷ 8,000,000).2. Claims Distribution of ProceedsFirst mortgage bondspayable $13,000,000 In full $13,000,000 Accounts payable 3,000,000 In full 3,000,000 Subordinated debentures 5,000,000 Remainder 3,000,000 Total claims $21,000,000 Total distribution $19,000,000 Ordinary trade creditors have than subordinatedholders who would now receive only 60 cents per dollar of claim.If only $14.5 million cash becomes available, the first mortgage holders would get$13 million, the trade creditors would receive $1.5 million (only 50 cents for eachdollar claimed), and the holders of subordinated debentures would receivenothing.8-33(10 min.) A mounts are in millions.1. Income tax expense 4,045Income taxes payable 1,904Deferred income taxes 2,141 To record income tax expense.Income taxes payable 1,904Cash 1,904 To record payment of income taxes.These two transactions could have been combined:Income tax expense 4,045Deferred income taxes 2,141Cash 1,904 To record income tax expense and payments.2. The deferred tax liability increases by $4,045 $1,904 = $2,141.8-44 (15-25 min.)1. Debt to Equity Ratios1999 1992AT&T $90,479 ÷ $78,927 = 1.15 $17,122 ÷ $20,313 = .84 MICRON $ 3,001 ÷ $3,964 = .76 $ 213 ÷ $ 511 = .42 AMGEN $ 1,054 ÷ $ 3,024 = .35 $ 440 ÷ $ 934 = .472. AT&T is a large company with well-established credit reputations and largeamounts of fixed assets to use as collateral for debt. Earnings are relativelystable. Therefore, A T&T has the ability to borrow large amounts, as shown bythe high debt-to-equity ratio.In contrast, Micron Technologies and A mgen are newer, smaller companies involatile high-tech industries. They have not yet established the credit worthinessto borrow as much as A T&T.3. Each company's ratio changes over the seven-year period, but the direction is notconsistent. Thus, the changes appear more idiosyncratic than economy driven.Particularly for small firms such as MICRON and AMGEN, a single new issue ofdebt or equity can have a large immediate effect on the ratios.Chapter99-26(10-20 min.)1. a. PV = $20,000(.6830) = $13,660b. PV = $20,000(.4823) = $ 9,6462. The annual rates would be halved and the periods doubled. Present valuesdecline:a. PV = $20,000(.6768) = $13,536b. PV = $20,000(.4665) = $ 9,3303. Present values rise because the money is repaid more quickly:a. PV = $5,000(3.1699) = $15,849.50b. PV = $5,000(2.5887) = $12,943.509-28(10-15 min.)1. Equipment 394,000Cash 100,000Contract payable (or note payable) 294,000 Equipment is capitalized at its cash-equivalent cost.2. The imputed interest rate makes the present value of the payments equal to thecash price:DM100,000 + (DM400,000 x (4-year, Y% factor in Table 9-2)) = 394,000Factor = (DM394,000 DM100,000) ÷ DM400,000 = .7350From the 4-year row of Table 9-2, Y = 8%Year 1 Interest expense 23,520Contract payable 23,520 .08 x DM294,000 = DM23,520Year 2 Interest expense 25,402Contract payable 25,402 .08 x (DM294,000 + 23,520) =.08 x DM317,520 = DM25,4029-29(15-20 min.)1. Equipment 416,990Cash 100,000Contract payable, current 68,301Contract payable, long-term 248,689 Equipment is capitalized at its cash-equivalent cost of $100,000 plus thepresent value of the contract:PV = $100,000(3.1699) = $316,990Analysis of first installment:Total amount $100,000Interest portion, .10 x $316,990 = 31,699Principal portion, current liability $ 68,301Total contract payable $316,990Current liability 68,301Long-term portion $248,2892. Interest expense 31,699Contract payable, current 68,301Cash 100,000 To record interest expense andreduction of principal.Contract payable, long-term 75,131Contract payable, current portion 75,131 To reclassify current liability oflong-term debt as short-term debt.Analysis of second installment:Total amount $100,000Interest portion,.10 x ($316,990 – $68,301)or .10 x $248,689 = 24,869Principal portion current liability $ 75,3119-45 (25-35 min.)Analysis of Bond Transactions (In Thousands of Norwegian Kroner)A = L + SECashBonds Payable Discount on Bonds Payable Retained Incomea. Issuance7,881=+10,000 –2,119b. First semi-annual interest– 500* =+ 52 – 552** ⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡Expense Interest Increasec. Maturity value–10,000 = –10,000 Bond related totals***–12,119 =0 0 –12,119* NKR10,000,000 x 10% x 1/2 ** NKR7,881,000 x 14% x 1/2*** Twenty semi-annual payments of NKR500 plus repayment of NKR2,119 in excessof the original borrowing. 2. Sample Journal Entries Bond Transactions (In Thousands of Norwegian Kroner)a. Cash 7,881 Discount on bonds payable 2,119 Bonds payable 10,000To record proceeds upon issuance of 10%bonds maturing on December 31, 2015. b. Interest expense 552 Discount on bonds payable 52 Cash 500To record amortization of discount and payment of interest.c. Bonds payable 10,000Cash 10,000 To record payment of maturity valueof bonds and their retirement.3. When presented on balance sheets, unamortized discounts are deducted fromthe face value of the related bonds (in thousands):December 31, 2005 June 30, 2006Bonds payable, 10% due December 31, 2015 NKR10,000 NKR10,000 Deduct: Discount on bonds payable 2,119 2,067* Net liability NKR 7,881 NKR 7,933* 2,119 – 52 = 2,0679-49(20-40 min.)1. To compute the gain or loss, first calculate the net liability at December 31, 2001:Face amount $20,000,000Proceeds 17,880,800 * Discount at issuance 2,119,2006/30/01 discount amortization (51,656) ** 12/31/01 discount amortization (55,272) †Bond discount unamortized at 12/31/01 $ 2,012,272 * ($1,200,000 x 10.5940) + ($20,000,000 x .2584)** (7% x $17,880,800) – (6% x $20,000,000)†(7% x ($17,880,800 + $51,656)] - (6% x $20,000,000)The net liability is the face amount less the discount:Face amount $20,000,000 Bond discount unamortized at 12/31/01 2,012,272 Net liability at 12/31/01 $17,987,728 The amount by which the cash payment for the debentures exceeds the netliability is the loss on early extinguishment. A mounts are in thousands:Cash payment $19,000Net liability at 12/31/01 17,988Loss on early extinguishment of debt $ 1,0129-49 (continued) 2. Analysis of Early Extinguishment of Debt (In Thousands of Dollars)A =L+ SEIssuer's Record Cash = Bonds Payable Discount on Bonds PayableRetained IncomeRedemption,December 31, 2001 –19,000= –20,000+2,012⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡Discount Decrease –1,012 ⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡ment Extinguish Early on Loss 3. Journal Entry(In Thousands)Issuer's RecordsDecember 31, 2001 Bonds payable 20,000 Loss on early extinguishment of debt 1,012 Discount on bonds payable 2,012 Cash 19,000To record open-market acquisition of entire issue of 12% bonds for $19 million. 4. A gain arises if the bond is extinguished for less than the carrying value,$17,987,728 – $500,000 gives a price of $17,487,728.9-57 (20-30 min.)Some instructors may prefer to (a) ask students to prepare entries for two years only here and (b) also assign the next problem. 1. PV A = $40,000 x A nnuity Factor for 3 years at 18% = $40,000 x 2.1743= $86,9722. Equipment leasehold 86,972Lease liability, current*24,345Lease liability, long-term 62,627 To record capital lease.Analysis of first installment:Total amount $40,000Interest, .18 x $86,972 15,655Principal portion, current liability $24,345Total liability $86,972Current liability 24,345Long-term liability $62,627Entry for straight-line amortization of the asset for each of three years: Amortization of equipment leasehold 28,991 Equipment leasehold 28,991 To record straight-line amortization:$86,972 ÷ 3 = $28,991.Lease Payments and Liability ReclassificationsYear OneInterest expense 15,655Lease liability, current 24,345 Cash 40,000 To record interest expense andreduction of liability.Lease liability, long term 28,727 Lease liability, current 28,727 To reclassify next installment oflong-term debt as short-term debt.Analysis of second installment:Total $40,000Interest portion:.18 x ($86,972 – $24,345)= .18 x $62,627 = 11,273 Principal portion, current liability $28,727Total liability $62,627Current liability 28,727Long-term liability $33,9009-57 (continued)Year TwoInterest expense 11,273Lease liability, current 28,727Cash 40,000 To record interest expense andreduction of liability.Lease liability, long-term 33,900Lease liability, current 33,900 To reclassify next installmentof long-term debt as short-term debt.Year ThreeInterest expense 6,100Lease liability, current 33,900Cash 40,000Analysis of third installment:Total amount $40,000Interest, .18 x $33,900 6,102Principal $33,898** Rounding causes this amount to differ from the $33,900 liability. These roundingerrors occur because the present value tables are carried to four places only rather thanto five or more places. This rounding causes the present value of the lease to be rounded at its inception.。