烘炉方案Boiler Refractory Preheating Scheme1、烘炉的目的：1.Purpose of Boiler Refractory Preheating由于新安装的锅炉，在炉墙材料中及砌筑过程中吸收了大量的水份，如与高温烟气接触，则炉墙中含有的水份因为温差过大，急剧蒸发，产生大量的蒸汽，进而因为蒸汽的急剧膨胀，导致炉墙变形、开裂。

同时烘炉可以加速完成炉墙材料的物理、化学变化进程，使其趋于稳定，以利用日后锅炉在高温状态下可靠的工作。

所以，新安装的锅炉在正式投产前，必须对炉墙进行缓慢烘炉，使炉墙中的水份缓慢逸出，确保炉墙热态运行的质量。

The newly installed boiler refractory containing plenty of moisture in furnace wall material and during the process of masonry, if heated by the high temperature smoke, the moisture contained in furnace wall shall evaporate sharply because of excessive temperature difference, generating a lot of steam, thus resulting in the furnace wall to be out of shape and crack due to the sharp expansion of the steam. The Preheating can accelerate the physical and chemical transformation progress of the furnace wall material, making it to be stable, in order to utilize the boiler’s reliable work under the condition of high temperature in the future. Therefore, the furnace wall must be preheated slowly before the newly installed boiler is formally put into production, making the moisture in the furnace wall evaporate slowly to ensure the quality of hot operation for the furnace wall.2、烘炉应具备的条件：2.Conditions required for preheating:2.1、锅炉管路已全部安装完毕，水压试验合格2.1 All the boiler pipeline has been completed installation, hydraulic test is qualified.2.2、炉墙砌筑及保温工作已全部结束，并已验收合格。

2.2 All the furnace brickwork and insulation work has been finished and accepted inspection.2.3、烟风道都已安装完毕，送引风机均已安装调试合格，能投入运行。

2.3 The smoke airduct has been installed, both the air feeder and induced draft fan have been installed and commissioned to be qualified, and can be put into operation.2.4、烘炉所需的热工电气仪表均已安装，并校验合格。

2.4 The thermotechnical electrical instruments required for furnace preheating have been installed and calibrated to be qualified.2.5、已按规定要求，在过热器中部两侧安置了灰浆取样点。

各浇注料炉墙处放置了相同材料的试样。

2.5 Have set mortar sampling points on both sides in the middle part of superheater as per the specified requirements. Set test sample for the same material at each castable brickwork location.2.6、烘炉用的木柴及各种工具（包括检查、现场照明等）都已准备完毕。

2.6 The firewood and all kinds of instruments (including inspection, Site lighting, etc.) for preheating have been prepared and ready to serve.2.7、烘炉用的设施全部安装好，并将与烘炉无关的其它临时设施全部拆除，场地清理干净。

2.7 All the facilities required for preheating have been installed. Remove all the other temporary facilities irrelevant with furnace preheating, clean up the site.2.8、烘炉人员都已经过培训合格，并排列值班表，按要求准时到岗。

2.8 The preheating staff have been trained to be qualified. Arrange duty schedule, and work on time according to the requirements.3、烘炉工艺:3. Industrial art for preheating:(1)、根据本锅炉的结构特点可采用火焰烘炉方法。

①烘炉时间定为15天，燃料为木柴，利用燃烧的热辐射烘干炉墙，初时用小火，后期用大火烘烤。

②第一天炉膛出口排烟温度应低于50℃，以后每天温升不超过20℃，末期最高温度<220℃，保温2～3天。

③所有烟温均以过热器前的烟温为准。

④操作人员每隔1小时记录一次烟温，严格按要求控制烟温确保烘炉质量。

(1) According to the structure of this boiler, flame preheating method can be adopted.①The preheating time is set to be 15 days, the fuel is firewood. Use the thermal radiationof the fuel to dry the furnace wall, at the beginning use soft fire, later use mass fire tobake.②On the first day, the exhaust temperature at the furnace cavity exit should be below50℃,later on temperature rising no more than 20℃ every day. The highest temperature<220℃ at the last phase, heat preservation 2～3days.③All the smoke temperature should be subject to the one before the superheater.④The operator should record the smoke temperature every other one hour, control thetemperature strictly according to the requirement to ensure the preheating quality.(2)、烘炉的具体操作：①流化床上装上厚300mm左右的底料，底料颗粒粒径在0～8mm之间。

（0-3，30%，3-5，40%，5-8，30%）燃值2000Kcle/kg以下②用脱盐水经给水系统向汽包内进水，并轮流打开各排污阀门疏水、排污、冲洗锅炉受热面及汽水系统和各阀门。

③通过炉水取样装置，取炉水样分析，确认水质达标后，停止冲洗关闭各疏水、排污阀门。

④向汽包内缓慢送水，水位控制在标准水位±20mm。

⑤烘炉前，应适当打开各灰门和炉门，以便及时排除炉内的潮气。

⑥将木柴置于流化床上点燃，打开引风机挡板，关闭所有炉门、看火门。

前期烘炉不启动引风机、一、二次风机，后期视升温情况确定，是否启动引风机。

开始时温升控制不大于10℃/天，高过前出口烟温最高不大于220℃，并在此温度下持续时间不少于一昼夜。

（风室放置木柴与炉膛同时点燃）⑦打开省煤器再循环阀门，过热器、减温器集箱疏水阀、过热器出口集箱对空排汽阀。

⑧定期检查各膨胀指示器、水位计，确保锅炉运行正常，如有异常发现，应及时汇报，妥善处理。

⑨由灰浆取样处取样进行含水率分析，当灰浆含水率≤7%时，浇注料试样含水率≤1%时表明烘炉已达要求，后期可转入加药煮炉阶段。

煮炉结束后，取样点的样品含水率≦2.5%，浇注料试样含水率≤0.5%时,且炉墙各部分无开裂、变形等异常情况，烘炉合格结束。

(2) Specific operations for preheating :①Put base material (about 300mm in thickness) on the fluidized bed, diameter of thebase material particle between 0～8mm. (0-3，30%，3-5，40%，5-8，30%) burningvalue below 2000Kcle/kg.②Fill in the drums with desalted water through the water supply system. Open eachblowdown valve for drainage, pollution discharge, flushing heating surface of theboiler and vapour-water system and each valve in turn.③Take furnace water sample for analyzing through furnace water sampling device.After confirm the water to be qualified, stop flushing and close up each drainage andblowdown valve.④Slowly fill water into the drum, control the water level ±20mm of the standard level.⑤Before preheating, open each ash door and furnace door in order to eliminate themoisture in the furnace in time.⑥Put the firewood on the fluidized bed and ignite, then open the baffle of the draughtfan, shut all the furnace doors and peep door. At the early stage, do not start thedraught fan, the primary air fan and the secondary air fan when preheating furnace; atthe later stage determine whether to start up the draught fan according to the status oftemperature rising. At the beginning, the temperature rising should be controlled tono more than 10℃ per day, higher than the smoke temperature at the front exit butthe highest no more than 220℃, and continue no less than one day & night under thistemperature. (Ignite the firewood placed in the wind box and the furnace cavitysimultaneously.)⑦Open the recycle valve for the coal economizer, superheater, temperature reducerheader drain valve, superheater output header exhausting valve.⑧Check each expansion indicator and water level gauge periodically to ensure theboiler to work normally; if finding some abnormal phenomenon, should report timelyand handle in a proper way.⑨Take sample from the mortar sampling place and carry out moisture content analysis.When the moisture content of the mortar ≤7%, moisture content of the castablesample ≤1%, the furnace preheating has been up to grade, later can shift to dosingand boiling out stage. After the boiling out is finished, when the moisture content ofthe sample from the sampling point ≦2.5%, the moisture content of castable sample≤0.5%, and there are no abnormal situation such as cracking, deformation of eachpart of the furnace wall, preheating is up to standard and complete.(3)、烘炉注意事项：①烘炉时，不得用烈火烘烤，温度的升速应缓慢均匀，要求最大升温速度小于20℃/天。