Bound morphemes:
Bound morphemes are those that cannot be used independently , but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.
shield law: a law that pretexts journalists from forced disclosure of confidential news sources. 新闻来源保障法
encounter group: a group of people who meet to develop understanding of others by honest exchange of feelings, opinions, etc.交朋友小组
answering service: a commercial service that answers telephone calls for its clients.营利性的 代客接听电话的服务处
siege economics: extremely strict economical measures (极其严格的节约措施)
In military fields:
cruise missile: a low-flying subsonic guided missile (巡航 导弹)
laser bomb: bomb guided by laser 激光导弹
Word Formation
Compounding, Blending, Backformation, Shortening
Compounding is a process of word formation by which two independent words are put together to make one word. The word formed in this way is called compound
fox-bat (狐蝠式战斗机)
In science and technology:
black hole: a hypothetical celestial region formed from a collapsed star. (黑洞)
biological clock: inherent mechanism that regulates cyclic physiological process in a living organism.(生物钟)
Phonologically, compounds can often be identified as having a main stress on the first element and a secondary stress on the second element.
`old /friends
strobe light: higher intensity flashing light 频闪放电管
In social life:
identity crisis: a state of psychological confusion in one's personality.个性危机
group therapy: the treatment of a group of patients in regular sessions where problems are shared in group discussion: 小组疗法
(热线)
hard-liner: a person following an uncompromising or extreme policy
In economics:
unit pricing: the pricing of a commodity expressed per unit of weight, volume,etc. (单价与兑价分标 法)
Morphology
Compounding
Types of es:
Free morphemes:
Free morphemes are the morphemes which are free in the sense that they are independent units of meaning and can be used freely all by themselves.
A darkroom is not just a room that is dark, rather a room used for photographic processing.
1. Noun Compounds
In politics:
a hot line: a telephone line for swift communication in emergencies between Moscow and Washington.
A. According to orthographic criterion, compounds are written in three ways:
1) solid, such as bedtime
2)hyphenated, such as abovementioned
3) open, such as reading material
`new /friends
`pure /scientists
Semantically, compounds can often be identified as “ having a meaning which may be related to but can not simply be inferred from the meaning of its parts.