现在完成时讲解及训练一．现在完成时：表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
即“过去的动作 + 现在的结果”，强调结果。
如： I have bought a new bike. (= I bought a new bike, and I have a ne w bike now.)我已经买了一辆新的自行车。
（强调我现在有了一辆新车。
）构成形式：助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词1．肯定句： I have seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影。
否定句： I haven’t seen the film. 我没看过这部电影。
一般疑问句： Have you seen the film? 你看过这部电影了吗？回答： Yes, I have. 是的，我看过了。
No, I haven’t. 不，我没看过。
特殊疑问句： What have you done? 你已经做了什么？2．肯定句： He has finished the task. 他已经完成了任务。
否定句： He finished the task. 他还没有完成任务。
一般疑问句：the task? 他已经完成任务了吗？回答：是的，他完成了。
不，他没有完成。
特殊疑问句： What has he finished? 他完成了什么？[Exercises 1] 选择填空( )1.I English in this school since 1999 .(A)taught (B)have taught (C)teach (D)would teach ( )2.Lilei the pen for five years(A)has had (B)bought (C)have had (D)have bought( )3.Kate her grand mother's photo before(A)haven't seen (B)have seen (C)see (D)hasn't seen ( )4. Mary you these days?(A)Has,seen (B)Do,see (C)Did,see (D)Is,seeing ( )5.so far ,we thousands of Building in Quanzhou.(A)build (B)have build (C)build (D)will build [Exercises 2] 选择填空( )6.——Have you finished your work?—— .(A) Yes, I have. (B) Yes, I do. (C) Yes, I am. (D) Yes, I did. ( )7.——Has she ever learned English?—— .(A) Yes, she has. (B) Yes, she does.(C) No, she doesn’t (D)No, she has( )8.He finished his homework yet .(A)doesn’t (B)haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have二．have/ has been to, have/ has gone to和have/has been in①have/ has been to + 某地，到过某地，说话时人已经回来了。
②have /has gone to + 某地，说明去了某地，说话时人还没回来。
如：I have been to Beijing twice. 他去过北京两次。
---- Where is Jim? 吉姆在哪儿？---- He has gone to the library? 他去图书馆了。
③have/has been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等如： Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. [Exercises 7]A）用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?B: He _____________ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once.B）用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.2) David ________ the park just now.3) John _______ England since he came back.4) How long _____ have _____ this village?5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.7) I _____ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.C）选择填空( )1.Mrs whites isn't here,she London,she there many times .(A)has been to , went (B)has gone to , has been(C)went to, has gone (D)has been to , has gone( )2.She has__________ to Beijing twice .(A)gone (B) got (C)been (D)come( )3.——where your father , Li Lei? ——To Beijing (A)have,been (B)has,been (C)have,gone (D)has,gone ( )4.Mr Green isn't in the office , He to the library (A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go( )5.Mr smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week .(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone ( )6.They_ China for two years(A) have been to (B)have been in(C)have gone to (D)have come to三．常用于现在完成时的时间状语：already, just , yet, ever, never, recently.1．already 和 yetalready “已经”（多用于肯定陈述句）yet “已经; 还”（用于否定句或疑问句）2．ever 和 neverever “曾经”（多用于疑问句，问初次经历）never“从未；从来不”（多用于否定陈述句），常回答ever的句型。
3．justjust “刚刚”（多用于肯定句，位于谓语动词之前）4．beforebefore “之前”（一般位于句末；常与never呼应），如： He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.他说他以前从来没看过这么美的风景。
e.g. 1. I have just called you.2. ——Have you ever been to France?——No, I’ve never been to any European countries.3. ——Have you seen him yet?——Yes, I have seen him already.[Exercises 3] 选择填空( )1.——Have you travelled on the train?——Yes, I have.(A) never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet( )2.——Have you finished your homework ?——Not .(A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just( )3. We haven't finished our homework .(A)already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never( )4.——Have you learned English?——Yes, I've learned a lot.(A) never,ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)already.ever( )5.——Have you finihed your homework ?——Yes,I've done that(A) yet,already (B)already, yet (C)ever,never (D)still,just ( )6.John's father borrowed some pictures .(A)have , already (B)has , just(C)have, ever (D)has , yet四．现在完成时: 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在。
注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词一段时间的表达方法有两种:a)“for + 时间段”与“since + 时间点”都表“一段时间”，常用How long 提问。