医学考博英语高频词汇分类整) 必须掌握(理．2015年医学考博专业相关词汇整理1. 医院相关词汇clinic 诊疗children's hospital所儿童医院hospital, generalfirst-aid station急救站polyclinic 综合医院polyclinic 联maternity hospital合诊疗所产科医院hospital, quarantine station mental防疫站mental home 精神病休rest home 院养所and obstetricsgynecology hospital 妇sanatorium疗养院产医院plastic surgery hospital department科室整形外科医院specialized hospital hospital stomatological 口腔医院专科医院tuberculosis hospital general hospital结核病医院普通医院tumor hospital community hospital肿瘤医院社区医院public hospital department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科公立医院department of cerebral private hospitalsurgery 私立医院胸外科clinic general surgery conventional treatment 普通门诊普通外科病ward neurology department房神经科neurosurgery medical teamdepartment 精神外医疗队科medical department内科obstetrics andgynecology surgical department department 外科妇产科ophthalmology anesthesiologydepartment 麻醉科眼科department orthopedicdepartment surgerycardiology矫形外科心脏病科department orthopedicsdental departmentdepartment 牙科骨科otolaryngological dermatology皮肤科department 耳鼻喉科departmentpediatrics department in-patient department 小儿科住院部pathology department nursing department护理部病理科consulting room plastic surgery诊室整形外科psychiatry department waiting room候诊室精神病科thoracic surgery admitting office脑外科department 住院处emergency room traumatology外伤急诊室创department科room,operation手术operation theatre urology department 泌尿科室化laboratory X-raydepartment验室放射科blood bank registration office血库挂号处dispensary out-patientpharmacy,OPD department, 门药房病房诊部wardmedical ward observation ward观察室内科病房hospital bed surgical ward病床外科病房staff 人员maternity ward产科病房isolation ward隔离病房2. 医疗人员职衔职称orthopedist 骨physician/internist科医生内科医生anesthetist 麻oculist/eye doctor醉师眼科医生gynecologist surgeon 妇外科科医生医生dermatologist 皮practitioner general肤科医生全科医生obstetrician 临clinician 床产科医生医生pediatrician dentist 科牙儿科医生医生psychologist 心理住院医生intern doctor 医生实习医生dietician 营养科医生chief of pharmacy药主任药师pharmacist剂医生associatechiefofpharmacy 副主任药师family doctor 家庭医生pharmacist-in-charge主管药师director of the hospital护head nurse 院长士长professor / chief of …主主任医生nurse-in-charge管护士attending/visiting实doctor 主治医生student nurse习护士resident doctor药物词汇3.胶capsule drug therapy药物治疗囊medicinal herbs drug therapy 药用草药药物治疗tablet 药片side effectspill 副反应药丸vitamin 维drug abuse他命药物滥用antibiotic drugstore 药抗生素房medication 药over the counter (OTC)物非处方药纱gauze drug allergy布药物过敏眼eye drops drug poisoning药药物中毒棉药pad prescription块处方糖syrup medicine for expenses 药费浆合mixture charges for medicine医药费剂滴剂drop drug rebate 药品回扣powderpenicillin 盘药粉药尼西林ointmentaspirin 阿膏司匹林stethoscope听诊器射器注syringe症状相关词汇4.symptom 病症hypertension 高血压感have a colddiabetes 冒糖尿病咳have a cough allergy 过敏嗽feel dizzy 头晕have a sore throat僵硬的嗓子痛stifftwistedsprained ／ a have stomachache扭伤的胃痛twinge 刺痛have a toothache喷牙痛打sneeze发have a fever 嚏打嗝热hiccup 呕吐vomit nose stuffed a have恶心sick 鼻子不通swelling 流感flu 肿胀asthma bump 哮喘肿块肺pneumonia ulcer 溃疡炎传染infectcramp 痉挛瘫痪，无能力麻痹，paralysishigh fever 高烧dull pain 钝痛chills 发冷pressing pain 压痛发汗sweatssharp pain night sweats 盗刺痛piercing pain 戳汗痛tiredness / fatigue 倦怠throbbing paininsomnia 失眠一跳一跳地痛针prickling pain shoulderin stiffness扎似的痛肩头发硬sneeze 打喷嚏burning pain 烧打嗝痛hiccup裂痛tearing pain itch 痒持continuous pain 腰low back pain疼续痛headache 头疼uncomfortable 不痛舒服pain (ache)acute pain 性急绞痛colic放疼痛radiating painsevere pain 激痛射痛sore pain 溃烂吸数expiration 呼气痛inspiration crampy pain 痉吸气挛痛difficulty in breathing 呼吸困难persistent pain顽痛irregular pulseslight pain 轻痛不规则脉搏尿bloody urine 血cloudy urine浑浊尿blood analysis glucosuria验糖尿血瘦thin, skinnyred cell 红血球fat, obese 肥血白white cell球呼respiration ratemedical treatments5. 医疗手段prevent (v) 预medical treatment防医疗instruments sterilize (v) medical消毒医疗器械diagnose (v) 诊断(n) drug a administrate 开药diagnosis醉剂treat prevent anddisease (v) 防治疾病local anesthetic TCM 局麻中医general anesthetic全麻chemotherapy化疗incidence 发生率radioactive therapy放疗mortality 死亡率medicalservice医疗服务fatality 致命性complain of (v)morbidity 发主述病率health checkup健康普查stethoscope听诊器diagnosing andtreating 诊first aid 急断和治疗救therapy doctor(v) the consult疗法咨询治remedy anesthesia 麻醉疗法麻扎bandage anesthetic上绷带take one's temperature量体温包dress扎give a prescriptiondiagnosis 诊开药断make up a prescription配药from dischargetake medicine／take hospital 退院pills 吃药case historyget an 病历injection／have／打针an injectionhospital to admission外入院operation科手术soothe 安慰、缓和transplant复移植手术recover原、痊愈have an operationX X-ray 线动手术共MRI 磁be admitted to hospital 振成像入院from feel one's pulse discharged be出院hospital 测脉搏blood one'stakepressure 量血压6. 医疗体制medical systemrelationship 医患关healthcare system系医疗体制medical insurancemedical disputessystem 医疗保险医疗纠纷体系medical accident医疗事故medical aid fund医疗救助基金doctor-patientmedical ethics医德7.富于同情性的medical ethics医德considerate体贴周到的patient-oriented以病人为核心resolute 果断的humanistic人道主义的service quality服务质量compassionate7. 各类疾病词汇肺炎pneumonia 急性胃炎acute 肝炎hepatitis gastritis脑膜炎gastritis 胃炎brain bronchitis 支气管炎fever/meningitis 膀胱炎阑尾炎cystitis中风stroke appendicitis冠心病胃肠炎coronary gastroenteritis heartmastitis 乳腺炎diseasediabetes 肿瘤tumor 糖尿病lung 肺癌禽流感birdcancerflu/avian influenzaliver cancerSARS 非典肝癌肺结核Acute (Severe pulmonary Respiratorytuberculosis Syndrome)疯牛病mad cow 慢性病chronic diseasediseaseacute 急性病black 黑死病disease death白血病leukemia 肺气肿AIDS 爱滋病emphysema胃癌ofcancerImmune (AcquiredstomachDeficiency Syndrome)stomach 流感influenza 胃病白内障cataract troubleheart狂犬病rabies心脏病癌症晚期cancer of disease并发症late stage急症emergency complications高血压case重症serious hypertensionkidney 肾病illness疑难病difficult problemdiabetes 糖尿病and complicated cases 短气obesity short breath 肥胖综合症绝症terminal syndrome病程process illness近视不治之症short-sighted（adj）incurable illness癌症早期cancer of 传染病infectious early stage diseases8. 心理健康词汇sub-health 咨亚consultation心理健康询psychological benefits psychological obstacles 心理障碍心理健康mental obstacles problem psychological心理障碍心理问题psychological psychological massage心理按摩观optimistic 乐psychology观的心理学/ 心理be sensitive to psychotherapy对…敏感心理治疗nervous 神psychological expert经的心理专家stress / pressure questionnaire /tension 紧张问卷调查客overcome depress / depressed / depression服沮丧、抑郁挫frustration anti-depression drugs折抗抑郁药意willpower志力、毅力乐optimism饮食，营养与健康9.nutrient 营养glucose 葡萄糖vitamin 维素生素protein 蛋白sugar 质糖类fat 脂肪quantitycalories heatof heat 热量养失调metabolism 碳物carbohydrate质代谢水化合物fat free food 软无soft beverage脂食品饮料固胆cholesterol thepreparedfood熟食醇grain 谷物diet a well-balanced食food shortages 均衡饮食nutrition 营养品短缺营nutritional breakfast lunch supper养的一日三餐营nutritious 有(n) imbalanceunbalance (a) 养的失衡营nutritionist养学家营malnutrition生活习惯，运动与健康10.life-style 生活physical and mental disorder 身体习惯/心理失衡and body of disordermind 身心失衡oftempo quick/highlife 快节奏的生活sustain the exercise habit 保持锻炼习惯sth. accustomed to be 习惯…constitution 体质hormone ample sleep 充激素健sub-health亚足的睡眠relax oneself 自康我放松resist mutation防癌physical exercises体育锻炼immunomodulatorentertainment 娱免疫调节剂热情enthusiasm 乐听力中的医学词汇11.ambulance n．救内心；胸护车．肠；nbowelbelly 内部n．肚，腹部ncardiogram ．心bellyache n．腹痛电图belly—button n．脐casualty n．伤亡bile n．胆汁事故；伤亡人员议院；．n chamber 囊，．n bladder 膀胱腔，心室．．化bosom n．胸；n chemotherapy疗欲睡的；催眠的dysfunction nchromosome n．染．功能障碍，功能不良色体fragrance chronic a．慢n．芬芳；香味；香气性的，长期的clone v．克隆gastric a．胃的cocaine n．可卡因gastritis n．胃炎coma n．昏迷hepatitis n．肝炎constipation n．便hormone n．荷尔蒙，激素秘hospitalize v contaminate v．弄．使住院脏，污染hypertension n．夹，n．高血cramp压钳；痉挛，绞痛．缺deficiency n immunodeficiencyn乏；营养缺乏症．免疫缺陷；免疫缺diarrhea n．腹泻损传染的，．ncarbondioxide ．二ainfectious 氧化碳传染性的，住院病n inpatient 杀菌，．v disinfect人消毒．精神错drowsy a ．昏昏a insane乱的；精神病的nausea n．恶心；inspection n．检查，晕船obesity 检验；审查．肥胖症n ．使……inspire v．手术刀nscalpel．扫描；审vscan 产生灵感；鼓舞lethal a．致死的，视；浏览自致命的v／．suicide n．malfunction n．故障；杀．接种；功能碍障vaccinate v medicinal 种牛痘a．药的；．看护，n药用的；台疗的ward监护；病房；监房．吗啡morphine n 其他词汇12.wholesome 有sickly 多病益健康的卫hygiene ailment, complaint生疾病indisposed vaccinated toget unwell,不适的接种ulcer 溃疡patient sick person,创病员，患者wound伤，伤口swelling 肿胀lesion 损害contusion 挫injury 损伤伤rash, eruption 疹sprain, twist扭伤斑点，spot骨fracture pimple 丘疹，小疮折病例case blackhead 黑潜头粉刺incubation伏blister 水疱流epidemic 痂scab, boilscar 癜痕行病热, wart 疣肉fever赘attack,fitaccess,发作callus, callosity胼胝coughing fitcorn 咳嗽发作鸡眼冻chilblain bed s onetake to to ' 疮卧床晕厥faint 挫伤bruisebump 眩晕肿块dizzinessto feel sick 恶法心togetbetter,toimprove 好转consciousnessto lose cure 失去知觉治愈relapse 震复concussion 发荡昏迷comadiet 饮食疗treatment。