第1练阅读理解七选五Ⅰ.阅读理解ACakanisasuccessfulbusinessmanfromMontenegro，whohasearnedhimselfnicknames(昵称) like“thebestboss”and“Brother”bybeingsurprisinglygeneroustohisemployees.Cakan，whoowns“CakanSports”，thelargestsportinggoodsstorechaininMontenegro，hasbeenmakingnewsheadlinesforyears，butnotforhisprofessionalsuccess.Heisbestknownforthegenerosityheshowstohisfaithfu landhardworkingemployees.Thebusinessmanfirmlybelievesthathiscompany canboomonlyi fhekeepshisemployeeshappy，andtothatend，hehasofferedthebestofthemsomeprettyunbelievablepresents.Cakanfirstsurprisedhisworkersbackin2012，whenheofferedfourofthembrandnewcars—2VWGolf6and2VWpolo—completewithpaidinsuran ce.Theyweresomeoftheoldestandm osthardworkingemployeesofCakanSports，andsincethecompanyhadrecentlymoveditsoperationsoutsidethecity，Cakanthoughthisbestpeopleshouldn’thavetostruggletogettowork.“Whenwesawthem，wewerespeechless，”Danijela，oneofthereceivers，remembers.“Whilethebosswassaying‘thisisagiftforyou’，allIcouldthinkofwas‘thisisnotreal，thiscan’tbehappeningtous’．”ButthiswasjustoneofthegenerouswaysCakanhasrewarde dhisemployeesovertheyears.In2014，afterhearingthatoneofhisworkershadbeensavinguphispaycheckssohecouldbuyatickettot heWorldCupsoccerfinal，inBrazil，hetookhimtherehimself，athisownexpense.Askedwhyhedoesn’tuseacheapermeansofmotivatinghisemployees，likeasmallraiseoracashbonus，Cakanhadthistosay，“Moneycomesandgoes，butmemoriesareforever.”Askedwhymanyofhisemployeescallhim“Brother”，Cakantoldarepo rterthatitwasbecause“brothersalwayshelpeachother”．1．WhatisCakanbestnotedfor?A．Hisfrequentheadlinenewsforyears.B．Hisgreatsuccessinhisbusiness.C．Hisextremegenerositytohisemployees.D．Hislargestsportinggoodsstorechain. 2．WhydidCakanofferhisfourbestworkersnewcars? A．Tomakethemtraveltoworkeasily.B．Torewardtheircreativeideasinwork.C．Toencouragethemtogettoworkearlier.D．Tohelpthemreducetrafficexpenses. 3．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ASmartBusinessmanB．AConsiderateEmployerC．Hardworking EmployeesD．UnbelievablePresentsBWhatdoyouusuallydowhenyouhavesomefreetime？Doyoutakepartinanyformofhobby？Ifyouranswerisno，thenyoushouldthinktwice.Cultivatingsometypesofinterestorhobbiesmightbetheidealwa ytodevelopyourbrainandimproveyourcreativethinking.Hereisacommonproblemthatmanyolderpeoplehave.Theyhavespentsuchagreatdealoftim eraisingtheirfamilythatoncetheirchildrenaregrownandlefthome，theyallofasuddenstarttoexperiencetheirage.Quiteoften，itisnottheiragethatistheconcern.Itisthefactthattheyareunexpectedlyofferedmoretim eontheirhands.Whenyouputintoomuchtimenotdoinganything，thiscanaffectyourbrain.Thisisjustwheretheexpression“Ifyoudon’tuseit，youloseit”definitelyisthetruth.Yourmindneedsworkingoutmuchlikeanyothermusclesin yourbody.Thisiswhygettingahobbymatters.Itoffersyousomethingtodoandisaperfectwayt omeetnewpeople.Enjoyingahobbyisalsoaperfectwaytoimprovecreativethinkingatanyage.Evenyoungch ildrencanprofitfromtakinganewhobby.Forretiredpeople，enjoyingahobbywhichtheycanfindentertainmentinwiththeirgrandchildrenwillhelpkeept hemactiveandfeelyoungatheart.Severalhobbiesthatareterrificforbothyourmindandyourbodyincludeyoga，biking，swimmingandgolf.Ifyouaren’tfondofsports，eventakingawalkregularlyisawonderfulwaytokeepactive.Ithelpsyoutoappreciatefreshs ceneryandithasbeensuggestedthatthecolorsgreenandbluehelpmakeyoumorecreative.Asyoucanseeabove，youcangetprettymuchfromtakingahobby.Withsomanychoiceswaitingforyou，beginyourjourneyrightaway!4．WhatcanbeimpliedaboutmanyolderpeoplefromParagraph2? A．Theylackcreativethinking.B．Theyshoulddeveloptheirbrain.C．Theyconcernabouttheirage.D．Theyusedtohavelittlefreetime. 5．Whydoesgettingahobbymatteraccordingtothetext?A．Itstrengthensone’sbrain.B．Ithelpsbuildupone’smuscles.C．Itenablesonetomakefriends.D．Itimprovesone’slivingconditions.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terrific”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Specific. B．Disgusting.C．Wonderful. D．Fundamental. 7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TryingDifferentHobbiesB．SpendingYourFreeTimeC．ExperiencingYourHobbyNowD．FeelingYoungatHeartCCouldthedevice，smartphoneorPC，whichyouareusingaffectthemoraldecisionsyoumakewhenusingit？Totestit，researcherspresentedmultipledilemmastoasamplesetof1,010people.Theparticipantswer eassignedadeviceatrandom.Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskedi stheclassic“trolley(有轨电车) problem”：Arunawaytrolleyisheadedtowards，fivepeopleweretieduponasetoftraintracks.Youcandonothing，resultinginthedeathoffivepeople，orpushamanoffthebridge，whichwillstopthetrolley.Thepracticalresponseistokillonemantosavefivelives，which33.5percentofsmartphoneuserschose，comparedwith22.3percentofPCusers.“Whatwefoundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralprob lems，theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional，reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma，”DrAlbertBarqueDu ran，theleadauthorofthestudy，toldCity，UniversityofLondon.“T hiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmartphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevice scomparedtoPCs.”Asforwhytheresearchersstartedthisstudy，DrBarqueDurannoted，“Duetothefactthatoursociallives，workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline，itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandarea skedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged，andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily.”It’sclearthatweneedmoreresearchesonhowourdevicesaffectourmoraldecisionmaking becausewe’reusingscreensataneverincreasingrate. 8．Whydidtheauthormentionthetrolleyproblem? A．Tointroduceadifficultproblemtoreaders. B．Tointroducetheaimofcarryingoutthestudy. C．Toshowanexampleofthequestionsinthestudy. D．Toshowthedifficultyindealingwithdilemmas. 9．Howdothesmartphoneusersofthestudybehaveindealingwithemotionaldilemmas? A．Calmly. B．Cruelly.C．Hesitantly. D．Enthusiastically. 10．DrAlbertbelievesthatcomparedwithPCs，smartphones. A．helppeoplebearmorepressureB．helppeoplemakedecisionsquickC．makepeoplefeelmorementallydistant D．makepeoplestayhappiertosolveproblems11．Whatcanweinferfromthetext? A．Shoppingonlinehasagreateffectonmakingmoraldecisions. B．ThepeopleusingsmartphonesaremorethanthoseusingPCs. C．PeoplewhooftenusesmartphonesorPCsalwaysmeetwithdilemmas. D．Itiscommonforpeopletobeinvolvedinmakingmoraldecisionsindailylife.Ⅱ.七选五(2018·湖南郴州第二次质检)TeenageBrainsintheDigitalWorldWhenitcomestotechnology，adultswon’tbeabletokeepupwiththeirchildren.Ittooktheradio38yearstoreach50millio npeople，butittookonly20yearsforthephonetoreachthesamenumber，and13yearsforthetelevision.Incontrast，ittookFacebook3.6years.12.Overthe15years，digitalcommunicationhasbroughtinmorechangesthantheprintingpressdidin1570.Andthos emostlikelytousetheminthisworldareteenagers，whosebrainsappeartohaveanextraordinarycapacitytoadapttotheworldaroundthem.13，enablingteenagerstokeepupwiththeincreasingpaceofdigitaltechnologyandgivingtheman advantagewhenitcomestomultitasking(多重任务处理)．IntheUS，onaverageteenagersspend8.5hoursadayusingcomputers，mobiles，andotherdevicestolearn，interactandplay.14，suchastalkingonthephonewhileyou’rewatchingTV.Astheystareatthesescreens，they’retakinginandsortingthroughanincredibleamountofinformation.15.YouTubeindicatesthatteenagersallovertheworldarewatchingthesameclipsandlau ghingatthesamejoke，indicatingthattheyaremoreglobalmindedthanteenagersinthepast.Theymaybekeenontext ingtheirfriendsandpostingupdatesonsocialmediasites.16.Bytheageof30，ourbrainswillbecomemoresetintheirways，makingitharderforustoadaptandcopewiththenewtechnology.A．However，thereisacutoffB．Twitteronlyneeded88daysC．Thereareconcernsabouthowtomakefriendsonline D．Thereisanadvantageofthegrowingdigitaltrend E．Havingamoreflexiblebrainmeanscertainpartsofithaven’tdevelopedyet F．ThismeansthattheteenagebrainscanadapttonewtechnologyG．Thisincreasesto11.5hoursifyouincludeallthemultitaskingthatgoeson答案解析Ⅰ.语篇解读本文作者向人们介绍了一位慷慨、体贴的老板——察坎。