2. 把短语分译成句子。
A. 分词短语（participial phrases）
1) The car accident changed him by making him reevaluate his goals in life.
这场车祸使他有所改变，他重新审视了自 己的人生目标。
2) They were at home in the home of their friends，moving confidently without fear．
门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有十二 把，五颜六色，大小不一。
3. 把句子拆开 (Sentence Division) A. 简单句分译 (simple sentences) 1）Daybreak comes with thick mist and
drizzle. 黎明时分，djectives)：
1）That region was the most clearly identifiable trouble spot.
那地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家最容易看 得出来的。
2) The number of the young people in the United States who cannot read is incredible--about one in four.
（优选）分译与合译
试比较下列句子的两种译法： 1. Matter has certain features or
properties that enable us to recognize it easily. 物质具有一定的能使我们容易识别它们的特征。 物质具有一定的特征，我们可以根据这些特征来 识别它们。
他们在朋友家里感到自在，进出时心里踏 实，无所顾虑。
B. 名词短语 (noun phrases)
1）The military is forbidden to kill the vessel, a relatively easy task.
军方被禁止击毁这艘潜艇，虽然要击毁它并不怎么费 事。
2）And a growing minority of western intellectuals agreed.
越来越多的西方知识分子当时接受这种看法， 虽然从数量上来说他们仍是少数。
3）He has long been held in cordial contempt by his colleagues; now that contempt was no longer cordial.
长期以来，他的同僚们虽然看不起他，却还是 对他有些亲切感；现在，除了看不起之外，亲 切感已没有了。
分译法
1. 单词分译（Word Division） 把原文中的一个单词翻译成句子，使原文的一个句子
分成两个或两个以上的句子。
A. 副词（adverbs） 1）Illogically, she had expected some kind of miracle
solution.
她满以为会有某种奇迹般的解决办法，这显然不合 情理。
C. 介词短语 (prepositional phrases)
1）He took a house on a lease of ten years.
他租了一栋房子，租期为十年。 2）In the doorway lay at least
twelve umbrella of all sizes and colors.
大约有四分之一的美国青年人没有阅读能力， 这简直令人难以置信。
C. 名词 (nouns)
1) At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.
现在，人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态 度来回答问题，因为它安全，不招风险。
他们在候车室坐下来看点书。候车室里 人来人往。
他们在人来人往的候车室里坐下来看点 书。
分译法与合译法
分译法： 英语中长较多，句中修饰语多且长，使句子 结构复杂。 有时原文中的一个词或短语很难 照原样处理，有必要将其单独译成一个句子， 或者是将一个长句切分成两个或两个以上的 句子。
合译法： 将两个或两个以上的单词，单句，复合句和 并列句压缩糅合在一起翻译的情况，使其更 符合汉语的洗练简洁的特点，从而避免译文 的拖泥带水和罗嗦的缺点。
In 1921 his mother’s death was closely followed by that of his three-year-old daughter。
2) We recognize that China's long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth.
我们认识到，中国的长期现代化计划以发展经济为重 点，这是可以理解的，也是必要的。
3. She went back home to take care of her husband. He was seriously ill.
她回家去照料她的丈夫。他正患重 病。
她回家去照料病重的丈夫。
They sat down in the waiting-room to do some reading. People came to and from there.
2. Immediately, the bandit opened fire, killing four workers and injuring the fifth who later died of his wounds.
刹那间那匪徒开火了，打死了四名工人，打伤了 后来死于枪伤的第五个人。
刹那间那匪徒开火了，打死了四名工人，打伤了 另一名。这名工人后来也因伤势过重而死去。