上海曹杨二中2017-2018学年度第二学期高三英语开学考试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherThe half-term holiday is almost over and, for many students in their final year of school, university applications are high on the agenda. So, you have chosen your (1) _______(prefer) courses and universities and started to fill in your personal details, education, qualifications and details of any paid jobs.So far, so straightforward——but here comes the awkward bit: The personal statement, required from everyone applying to university (2) _______ the UCAS admissions service, is a major source of anxiety. Personal statements are written, rewritten, scrutinized by parents and teachers and rewritten again, taking up at least as much time and effort (3) ______ any other piece of work this term. “It is your chance (4) _______(describe) your ambitions, skills and experience,” says UCAS on its website. “Try to stand out (5)______ be careful with humor, quotes or anything unusual——just (6)______ _______ the admissions tutor does not have the same sense of humor as you.“Proofread aloud and get your teachers, advisers, and family to check ——then redraft (7)_______ you are happy with (8) ______ and the grammar, spelling and punctuation are correct.”Use plain English and avoid hackneyed phrases, UCAS advises: “Be authentic, be focused, be enthusiastic.”Alex Hayman, who manages a business that helps would-be undergraduates pen their personal statements, says, “An applicant’s personal statement could make the difference when it comes to (9) ______(receive) an offer from a university, and it is a key opportunity for you to showcase your individuality, knowledge and experience.”Alex Hayman says it is crucial for statements to be “reflective and, importantly, personal” and he has highlighted seven ways to convince the admissions tutor to offer you a place.1. Showing you are serious2. You need more than just top grades.3. What interest in the subject (10) _____ you show outside the classroom?4. Explain why you chose this subject and course——and how will you cope?5. Show that you are a critical thinker.6. What if some of your grades are disappointing?7. Explain how the course will help towards your long-term plans.1【答案】preferred【分析】考查非谓语的过去分词做形容词2【答案】through【分析】考查介词，通过意思是通过这个服务来申请大学3【答案】to describe【分析】考查不定式，chance后面接定语用不定式4【答案】as【分析】考查as…as…结构5【答案】but【分析】考查连词，根据意识是前后意思相反6【答案】in case【分析】考查状语从句，in case以免7【答案】until【分析】考查状语从句，根据意思重写直到你满意8【答案】it【分析】考查代词，it指代你的personal statement9【答案】receiving【分析】考查when it comes to sth10【答案】can【分析】考查情态动词，根据意思是你能在课外对这个学科能有多少兴趣Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Today’s children are exhausted, and not just because one in three kids is not getting sufficient sleep. Sleep deprivation in kids (who require at least nine hours a night, depending on age) has been found to (1) ____ decrease academic achievement, lower intelligence test scores, slow physical growth, and (2)_______ moodiness and irritability. While the argument for protecting our children’s sleep time is compelling, there is another kind of rest that is equally (3______ and equally beneficial to the children’s academic, emotional, and creative lives: daydreaming.Not all mental downtime(停工休息期) is alike, of course. Downtime spent playing a video game or watching a television show may have its (4) ___, but the kind of downtime I am talking about is different. I am talking about the kind of mind-wandering that happens when the brain is free of (5______ and allowed to get rid of the worries of the day. Television, videogames, and other electronic (6____ prevent this kind of mental wandering because they interrupt the flow of thoughts and memories that (7) ______ the foundation of positive, productive daydreaming.There is, however, another way of looking at mind wandering. For the individual, mind wandering offers the possibility of very real, personal reward, some immediate, some more (8) ____. These rewards include self-awareness, (9) _____, memory consolidation, future planning, simulating the perspective of another person, evaluating the implications of self and others, emotional reactions, moral reasoning.In other words, daydreaming only appears lazy from the outside, but viewed from the inside——or from the perspective of a psychologist, such as Kaufman, or a neuroscientist, such as Mary Helen Immordino Yang—a complicated and extremely (10)_____ neurological process is taking place. Viewed from the inside, our children are exploring the only space where they truly have autonomy: their own minds.【答案】1-10 AHGJF BCKDE【分析】1:：考查副词，极大降低学习成绩2：考查动词，提高负面的情绪3：考查形容词，同样被低估也同样对学生有益的睡眠4：考查名词，根据意思，花在游戏和电视上的时间虽然也有它的迷人之处5：考查名词，根据意思，大脑会不受打扰6：考查名词，根据前面的television, videogames可以知道是B7：考查动词，根据意思是加强这种有益活动的基础8：考查形容词，根据前面的immediate可以知道这里是相反的意思9：考查名词，根据意思是对自我的一些评估10：考查形容词，根据意思这种过程是既复杂又有生产力的III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Today’s kids are more worried than any kids in recent history. And those worries tend to intensify around times of transition---like the start of school.From the (1) ________ age on, says Jill Emanuele, a senior clinical psychologist, the most important thing for parents to do is to understand a kid’s worries. “When people say, I am worried or anxious,” Emanuele points out, “the first thing a lot of people want to do is say, ‘You are going to be fine. It’s going to be OK.”’ But when parents say say that, “you never give the person the opportunity to (2) ________what they are anxious about,” She says. Comforting words may provide temporary(3) ________ , but if anxiety is not faced head on, it will come back again, even stronger.(4) ________ , when kids are worried, parents can help them face their fears by asking them questions about their worries, and helping them(5) ________strategies to face their fears.Middle-school kids face a whole new world of (6) ________stress--- both in real life and on social media. One way for parents to manage anxiety in kids, says Emanuele, is to manage their (7) ________ “Limit the amount of time kids can be on their computers or their phones. it’s also a good age for parents and kids to explore the (8) ________behind stress. “Stress happens automatically,” Emanuele says. But “we have to teach our body how to do relaxation (9) ________.” Parents can start conversations with kids about what strategies work to help them release stress, from yoga to singing: whatever you can do to break the train of everyday thought that’s (10) ________you.”High school kids, Emanuele says, are (11) ________ “significant brain changes,” which leads to increased mental-health issues. For parents, the strategies for helping high schoolers manage stress are the same as at any age: help them (12) ________their specific anxieties, and strategies to deal with it. But with high school kids, says Emanuele, there’s a(n) (13) ________step. As they are going to be ready to leave school and begin college, or some other (14) ________ of life, the risks may seem impossibly high. Parents can help them by letting them know that one bad grade won’t destroy their (15) ________of future happiness, and that “they can get a good education anywhere in the country.”1. A. elementary B. early C. basic D. school2. A. ensure B. discover C. experience D. emphasize3. A. happiness B. relaxation C. recreation D. relief4. A. Meanwhile B. Instead C. Moreover D. For example5. A. make up for B. catch up with C. come up with D. go in for6. A. cultural B. mental C. economic D. social7. A. facilities B. devices C. leisure D. games8. A. science B. Phenomena C. reasons D. approaches9. A. plan B. response C. decision D. prediction10. A. interrupting B. distracting C. disturbing D. tempting11. A. going through B. benefiting from C. acting on D. showing off12. A. admit B. obtain C. from D. identify13. A. exceptional B. added C. unexpected D. regular14. A. events B. occasions C. phase D. decisions15. A. chances B. means C. arrival D. expectations【答案】Keys: 1-5：ACDBC 6-10：DBABC 11-15：ADBCA【分析】1.考查动词。