①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several invitations (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. ②(2017·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be Mary’s (Mary) motto — the expression that best captures her spirit.
自主练悟
谨记规律
③(2017·河南省天一大联考)I 词尾是s, x, ch, sh时一般
learned that spies usually hid 加es。例如：
important letters in an umbrella, bus公共汽车→buses
in a shoe, or even in a pair of fox狐狸→foxes
⑤(2017·绵阳市模拟)It is one of the
many, all, both等词修饰时 world’s most-visited _c_it_ie_s_ (city) in terms
名词用复数形式。
of international arrivals and has the
3.名词前有one of 时用名词复 world’s largest city airport system.
判定方法
应用体验
当确定所填词是可数名词时， ③(2017·桂林市联考)To them, life is a
需要考虑其单复数问题。除了 _c_o_m_p_e_t_it_i_o_n_ (compete) — they have to do
根据上下文语境之外，还可以 better than their peers to be happy.
数形式。
⑥(2017·成都市模拟)The _d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_c_e_
4.如果空格处作主语，且谓语 (depend) on mobile devices is even having
动词是单数形式，则空格处 physical and mental effects.
应填名词单数形式；若谓语 ⑦(2017·漳州市八校联考)_C_h_a_n__ce_s_
通过以下信息判断。
④(2017·山师大附中模拟)She had several
1.不定冠词a, an后用名词单数 _il_ln_e_s_s_e_s (illness) when she was very young,
形式。
including pneumonia and headache.
2.有these, those, several,
一般在名词词尾直接加s。
garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena 例如：
Pahlsson pulled out a handful friend (朋友)→friends
of small _c_a_r_r_o_ts_ (carrot) and nation (国家)→nations
was about to throw them away. interest (兴趣)→interests
②(2017·湖南师大附中模拟) change (变化)→changes
The new pilot says it’s never memread your _w_i_n_g_s_ wing (翅膀)→wings
(wing) and try something new.
(enemy) that would try to eat y时，直接加s。例如：
the little panda.
enemy敌人→enemies
⑥(2017·唐山市一模)The
hobby业余爱好→hobbies
220-pound Qizai has become a difficulty困难→difficulties
动词是复数形式，则空格处 (chance) are that you will receive three
应填名词复数形式。
different answers.
——名词单复数的常考点
(一)名词复数的规则变化
自主练悟
谨记规律
①(2017·浙江高考)Last
October, while tending her
ordinary _g_la_s_s_e_s_ (glass)．
coach教练→coaches
④(2017·银川一中二模)But
branch树枝→branches
without sunlight and good soil, bush灌木丛→bushes
soon the leaves began to fall
注意：stomach(胃部)的
down and the b__ra_n__ch__es_ (branch) 复数形式是在词尾直接
began to dry.
加s。
自主练悟
谨记规律
⑤(2016·四川高考)Any smell 词尾是辅音字母＋y时，变
might attract natural _e_n_e_m__ie_s_ y为ies；词尾是元音字母＋
等，判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还 是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，
判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。
[特别说明] 本讲主要涉及名词的单复数和所有格，有关名词 的词性转换将在“第 6 讲 构词法”中具体讲解。
——如何确定填名词的单复数还是所有格
判定方法
应用体验
提示词为名词时，分析 句子成分后若发现词性 不需要改变，则一般考 查所给名词的复数形 式；如果作定语表示 “……的”，则一般考 查名词的所有格。
一、基础保分类考点——这些语法较简单，以练促学把分捡第1～6讲
第1讲
名词和冠词
语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有 格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名 词形式。短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名
词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。解答有关名词的题 目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量 词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语